| 不同治理措施下高速公路堆积体土壤团聚体变化特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴 旭,牛耀彬,高照良,,毕如田,吕春娟.不同治理措施下高速公路堆积体土壤团聚体变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(3):71-77. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴 旭 牛耀彬 高照良 毕如田 吕春娟 |
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| 作者单位： | (1.山西农业大学 资源环境学院, 山西 太谷 030801; 2.西北农林科技大学所, 陕西 杨凌 712100; 3.中国科学院 水利部所, 陕西 杨凌 712100) |
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| 摘 要： | 为定量评价坡面治理措施(植被恢复模式、恢复年限、削坡分级)对高速公路堆积体土壤团聚体的调控作用,以陕西省不同区域高速公路堆积体为对象,用干筛法和湿筛法测定其土壤团聚体组成。同时选取>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量(R0.25)、土壤团聚体平均质量直径(MWD)、几何平均直径(GMD)、分形维数(D)和破坏率(PAD)等指标进行土壤团聚体稳定性分析。结果表明:与冰草相比,坡面自然植被恢复为小冠花和白三叶时对应的R0.25,MWD和GMD均显著增加,增幅分别介于12%～15%,38%～40%,38%～41%,表明堆积体坡面恢复为豆科草本植物有利于提高土壤团聚体的稳定性; 与未复垦相比,坡面人为复垦种植玉米和黄豆时对应的MWD和GMD均显著降低,降幅分别为13%和12%,表明堆积体坡面(36°)不宜复垦种植农作物; 与恢复1 a相比,恢复2 a和5 a堆积体所对应的R0.25和GMD均显著增加,增幅分别为13%和18%,29%和24%,但恢复5 a所对应的MWD,GMD和D与2 a均无显著差异,表明侧柏人工林短期恢复土壤团聚体稳定性持续提高; 短坡长(<60 m)堆积体坡面土壤团聚体稳定性空间分布相对均匀; 相比未治理全坡面,削坡分级治理后平台和坡面所对应的R0.25显著增加,增幅分别介于57%～95%和38%～44%,表明工程措施可提高土壤团聚体稳定性,且平台稳定性高于坡面; D与根重密度存在极显著负相关。研究结果不仅可为工程堆积体土壤团聚体稳定性评价提供参考,也可为其治理措施配置提供指导。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤团聚体 措施调控 植被恢复 工程堆积体 分形维数 |
Variation Characteristics of Soil Aggregates Under the Treatment Measures on the Expressway Engineering Accumulation Slope |
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| WU Xu,NIU Yaobin,GAO Zhaoliang,,BI Rutian,LYU Chunjuan.Variation Characteristics of Soil Aggregates Under the Treatment Measures on the Expressway Engineering Accumulation Slope[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(3):71-77. |
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| Authors: | WU Xu NIU Yaobin GAO Zhaoliang BI Rutian LYU Chunjuan |
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| Institution: | (1.College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu,Shanxi 030801, China; 2.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,Shaanxi 712100, China; 3.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and ministry of Water Resources, Yangling,Shaanxi 712100, China) |
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| Abstract: | In order to quantitatively evaluate the regulating effect of the slope treatment measures, including vegetation restoration patterns, years of recovery, and the slope cutting and grading control on the soil aggregates of expressway engineering accumulation, the composition of soil aggregates of expressway engineering accumulations in different regions of Shaanxi Province was determined by dry and wet sieving methods. Meanwhile, >0.25 mm water-stable aggregate content(R0.25), soil aggregate mean weight diameter(MWD), geometric mean diameter(GMD), fractal dimension(D), and percentage of aggregate destruction(PAD)were selected to analyze the stability of soil aggregates. The results showed that compared with Agropyron cristatum, the natural restoration species of Coronilla varia and Trifolium repens significantly increased R0.25, MWD, and GMD, the increasing ranges were 12%～15%, 38%～40%, and 38%～41%, respectively, indicating that the restoration of legume herbaceous plants was beneficial to improve the soil aggregate stability. Compared with no-reclamation, the artificial reclamation species of soybean and maize significantly decreased MWD and GMD, the decrement were 13% and 12%, respectively. It showed that the slope(36°)was not suitable for reclamation to plant crops. Compared with recovery for 1 year, recovery for 2 and 5 years significantly increased R0.25 and GMD, the increment were 13% and 18%, 29% and 24%, respectively. However, there were no significant differences between recovery 2 and 5 years for the indictors of MWD, GMD, and D, indicating that the short-term restoration of Platycladus orientalis plantation was helpful to improve the soil aggregates stability. The stability of soil aggregates on the slope of short slope length(<60 m)engineering accumulation was relatively uniform in spatial distribution. Compared with ungoverned slope, the R0.25 corresponding to the platform and the slope surface increased significantly after the slope cutting and grading control, and the increasing ranges were 57%～95% and 38%～44%, respectively, which indicated that the stability of soil aggregates could be improved by engineering measures, and stability of soil aggregates on the platform was higher than that of the slope. There was a negatively correlated relationship between D and root weight density. These research results can not only provide reference for the evaluation of the soil aggregate stability of engineering accumulations, but also provide guidance for its treatment measure configuration. |
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| Keywords: | soil aggregate measure regulation vegetation restoration engineering accumulation fractal dimension |
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