Factors affecting somatic embryogenesis in conifers |
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| Authors: | Jaime A Teixeira da Silva Ravindra B Malabadi |
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| Institution: | Jaime A.Teixeira da Silva Faculty of Agriculture and Graduate School of Agriculture,Kagawa University,Miki-cho,Ikenobe 2393,Kagawa-ken,761-0795,Japan.Ravindra B.Malabadi Division of Plant Biotechnology,Department of Botany,Karnatak University,Pavate Nagar,Dharwad-580003,Karnataka State,India. |
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| Abstract: | This review seeks to examine the extreme response of isolated somatic plant cells of apical meristematic tissues of mature conifer trees towards specific stress conditions in vitro resulting in somatic embryogenesis.Signal molecules regulating embryo development have been described in angiosperms,but very little is known about somatic rejuvenation in conifers.Recent studies on cloning of mature conifers provide new perspectives on signal molecules on cellular dedifferentiation into the embryogenic pathway.Our recent studies show that signal molecules such as butenolide,calcium ions,salicylic acid,antioxidants,amino acids,triacontanol and 24-epibrassinolide all play an important role in the conversion of somatic cells into an embryogenic pathway in many recalcitrant pines.This constitutes a major breakthrough in forest biotechnology with many practical applications in clonal forestry. |
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| Keywords: | cloning commercial forestry in vitro micropropagation thin cell layers |
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