| 黄河下游河道最小生态流量研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 唐蕴,王浩,陈敏建,严登华.黄河下游河道最小生态流量研究[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(3):171-174. |
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| 作者姓名： | 唐蕴 王浩 陈敏建 严登华 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国水利水电科学研究院,水资源研究所,北京,100044
2. 南京水利科学研究院,水文水资源研究所,南京,210000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家"十五"科技攻关计划重大项目(2001BA610A-01-05) |
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| 摘 要： | 河道最小生态流量是指为了防止河道水体断流,即维持河流水体生存所应具有的最小流量(水量)。最小生态需水量计算方法应立足河流形态,将水位～水面宽曲线变形点与维持一定生境(主要包括平均水深、流速等)综合考虑来确定临界流量。本文在建立基于河流形状的河道最小生态流量计算方法体系的基础上,选取花园口、高村、利津3个控制断面对黄河下游河道最小生态流量进行了率定。结果表明,黄河下游花园口、高村、利津3个控制断面的最小生态流量分别为170m3/s,140m3/s,154m3/s,是多年平均天然流量的8.9%,7.4%,7.9%;3个控制断面在最小流量下的水面宽率分别为35.8%,20.6%,40%;平均水深分别为0.47m,0.87m,1.02m;流速分别为0.76m/s,0.40m/s,0.81m/s。由于国际上研究的河流集水面积远比黄河流域小得多,就最小生态流量与天然流量的比率来看,黄河流域下游河道的最小生态流量要较国际上已有的研究成果低一些。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄河下游 河道 最小生态流量 河槽形态 水力参数 |
| 文章编号： | 1009-2242(2004)03-0171-04 |
Research on Minimum Ecological Flux on Lower Reach of Yellow River |
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| TANG Yun,WANG Hao,CHEN Min-jian,YAN Deng-hua.Research on Minimum Ecological Flux on Lower Reach of Yellow River[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2004,18(3):171-174. |
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| Authors: | TANG Yun~ WANG Hao~ CHEN Min-jian~ YAN Deng-hua~ |
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| Institution: | TANG Yun~1,WANG Hao~1,CHEN Min-jian~2,YAN Deng-hua~1 |
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| Abstract: | The minimum instream ecological flux is referred to the one which can prevent drought out and keep the water body in existence. The computational method on the minimum water demand for ecosystem should be based on river geomorphology, and the critical flux must be determined after two facts, breakpoint on the curve of the water level with river width and maintaining the habitat to a certain extent(mainly including: average depth, average velocity, et al.), being synthetically consisdered. In this paper, on the basis of establishing the computational methodology and system based on river geomorphology, three hydrological control transects at the lower reach of the Yellow River, Huayuankou Station, Gaocun Station and Lijin Station, are chosen to check the minimum ecological flux. The computational results indicate that the minimum ecological flux of Huayuankou Station, Gaocun Station and Lijin Station is respectively 170 m~3/s, 140 m~3/s and 154 m~3/s, respectively occupying 8.9%, 7.4%, 7.9% of the natural and average flux of multi-years; the ratio of river width is respectively 35.8%, (20.6)%, 40%; average depth is respectively 0.47 m, 0.87 m, 1.02 m; velocity is respectively 0.76 m/s, 0.40 m/s, (0.81) m/s.Because the catchment area studied outside is much more smaller than the Yellow River basin, the minimum ecological flux thus is a little lower than the existed international results. |
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| Keywords: | lower reach of the Yellow River river channel minimum ecological flux river geomorphology hydraulic parameters |
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