| 一种通用型土壤有效元素高效提取方法及应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘慧,董颖,王玉军,俞元春,姜军,徐仁扣.一种通用型土壤有效元素高效提取方法及应用[J].土壤,2021,53(5):1040-1047. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘慧 董颖 王玉军 俞元春 姜军 徐仁扣 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京林业大学,中国科学院南京土壤研究所,中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京林业大学,中国科学院南京土壤研究所,中国科学院南京土壤研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1803403和2017YFF0108201)；国家自然科学基金(41771275)；江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)。 |
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| 摘 要： | Mehlich 3（M3）方法可同时提取土壤中磷、钾、钙、镁、铝、铁、锌、锰、铜等多种元素的有效态，提高土壤检测的效率；另外，M3法适用于钙质土、火山灰土、高度风化土等各类土壤，可作为一个“通用”型土壤有效元素提取试剂。但是硝酸铵（NH4NO3）由于管制不易获取，应用M3方法测定土壤有效元素含量时受到极大限制。因此，本研究用另一种易获取的惰性电解质氯化铵（NH4Cl）替代硝酸铵（NH4NO3），评价氯化铵替代硝酸铵M3法的适用性。Pearson相关分析结果表明，用氯化铵替代硝酸铵M3法测得的30种土壤有效磷、钾含量与M3法测定结果呈极显著正相关，其决定系数（R2）分别为0.99（P=2.31×10-55，n=60）和0.98（P=1.52×10-49，n=60）。同时，氯化铵替代硝酸铵M3法和M3法测定的有效钙、镁、铝、铁、锌、锰和铜含量极显著相关，R2值分别为0.98，1.00， 0.99，0.96，0.99，0.95和0.94。氯化铵替代硝酸铵M3–P与酸性、中性和碱性土壤的 Bray–P和Olsen–P极显著相关，R2分别为0.97和0.91 （P=1.42×10-15和1.00×10-21，n=20和40）。同时，利用氯化铵替代硝酸铵M3法测定酸性改良土壤有效磷含量，发现其得到显著提高。因此，氯化铵替代硝酸铵M3法可作为测定各种土壤，以及改良土壤中有效磷、钾和其他金属元素有效态含量的通用方法。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤有效磷，氯化铵替代硝酸铵M3法，Olsen–P，Bray–P，生物质炭 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/9/11 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/1/4 0:00:00 |
A Universal Method for Efficient Extraction of Soil Available Elements and Its Application |
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| LIU Hui,DONG Ying,WANG Yujun,YU Yuanchun,JIANG Jun,XU Renkou.A Universal Method for Efficient Extraction of Soil Available Elements and Its Application[J].Soils,2021,53(5):1040-1047. |
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| Authors: | LIU Hui DONG Ying WANG Yujun YU Yuanchun JIANG Jun XU Renkou |
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| Institution: | Nanjing Forestry University,Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing Forestry University,Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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| Abstract: | Mehlich3 (M3) method can simultaneously determine the contents of soil available P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu, and is feasible for calcareous, andosol and highly weathered soils. However, it is hard to get NH4NO3 used in M3 method due to its explosibility, therefore, it is necessary to find other substances to replace NH4NO3. In this paper, M3 method was modified by using indifferent-electrolyte ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) to replace NH4NO3 (NH4Cl-M3 method) to determine available elements in 30 topsoils. Pearson correlation analysis showed available P and K contents in the tested 30 topsoils determined by the two methods were significantly correlated, with determination coefficients (R2) of 0.99 (P=2.31×10-55, n=60) and 0.98 (P=1.52×10-49, n=60), respectively. Meanwhile, significant correlations were also found for available Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu contents determined by the two methods, with R2 values of 0.98, 1.00, 0.99, 0.96, 0.99, 0.95 and 0.94, respectively. Bray-P and Olsen-P of the above acid neutral and alkaline topsoils determined by the two methods were also significantly correlated, with R2 values of 0.97 and 0.91 (P=1.42×10-15 and 1.00×10-21), respectively. Soil available P content determined by NH4Cl-M3 method was significantly promoted than M3 method. Therefore, NH4Cl-M3 method can be an alternative method to determine available P, K and other elements in calcareous and highly weathered soils as well as the amended soils. |
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| Keywords: | Soil available elements NH4Cl-M3 method Olsen-P Bray-P Biochar |
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