Identification and characterization of pathotypes in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Puccinia horiana</Emphasis>, a rust pathogen of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Chrysanthemum</Emphasis> x <Emphasis Type="Italic">morifolium</Emphasis> |
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| Authors: | Mathias De Backer Hossein Alaei Erik Van Bockstaele Isabel Roldan-Ruiz Theo van der Lee Martine Maes Kurt Heungens |
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| Institution: | (1) Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Burg. Van Gansberghelaan 96 bus 2, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;(2) Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Crop Protection, Vali-e-Asr Rafsanjan University, 518 Rafsanjan, Iran;(3) Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Plant Production, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;(4) Plant Research International, Biointeractions and Plant Health, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands; |
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| Abstract: | Puccinia horiana is the causal agent of chrysanthemum white rust or Japanese rust. This microcyclic autoecious rust has a quarantine status
and can cause major damage in the commercial production of Chrysanthemum x morifolium. Given the international and often trans-continental production of planting material and cut flowers of chrysanthemum and
the decreasing availability of registered fungicides in specific regions, breeding for resistance against P. horiana will gain importance and will need to involve the appropriate resistance genes for the pathotypes that may be present. As
pathotypes have not been well characterized in this system, the main objective was to build an international collection of
isolates and screen these on a large collection of cultivars to identify different pathotypes. Using a robust and high throughput
bioassay, we tested 36 selected cultivars with 22 individual single-pustule isolates of P. horiana. The isolates originated from three different continents over 4 different collection years and included some isolates from
cultivars previously reported as resistant. In most cases the bioassays resulted in a clear scoring of interaction phenotypes
as susceptible or resistant, while in several cases consistent intermediate phenotypes were found, often on specific cultivars.
Twenty-four of the cultivars gave a differential interaction phenotype profile. All isolates produced a unique profile, infecting
a minimum of 4 and a maximum of 19 differential cultivars. Based on the Person analysis of these profiles, this pathosystem
contains at least seven resistance genes (and seven avirulence genes), demonstrating the highly complex race structure in
this pathosystem. |
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