Bacterial community structure and microbial activity in different soils amended with biogas residues and cattle slurry |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of advanced Mechanical System Engineering, Graduate school of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan;2. Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh;3. Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) & Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;1. College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China;2. Bayannaoer Academy of Agricultural and Animal Sciences, 015000 Bayannaoer, Inner Mongolia, China;3. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS & MWR, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China;4. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, China;5. Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China |
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| Abstract: | Anaerobic digestion of organic materials generates residues of differing chemical composition compared to undigested animal manures, which may affect the soil microbial ecosystem differently when used as fertilizers. This study investigated the effects of two biogas residues (BR-A and BR-B) and cattle slurry (CS) applied at rates corresponding to 70 kg NH4+-N ha?1 on bacterial community structure and microbial activity in three soils of different texture (a sandy, a clay and an organic clay soil). 16S rRNA genes were targeted in PCR reactions and bacterial community profiles visualized using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. General microbial activity was measured as basal respiration (B-resp), substrate-induced respiration (SIR), specific growth rate (μSIR), metabolic quotient (qCO2) and nitrogen mineralization capacity (NMC). Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis visualized shifts in bacterial community structure related to microbial functions. There were significant differences in bacterial community structure after 120 days of incubation (+20 °C at 70% of WHC) between non-amended (control) and amended soils, especially in the sandy soil, where CS caused a more pronounced shift than biogas residues. Terminal-restriction fragment (TRF) 307, the predominant peak in CS-amended sandy soil, was identified as possibly Bacillus or Streptococcus. TRF 226, the dominant peak in organic soil amended with BR-B, was classified as Rhodopseudomonas. B-resp significantly increased and SIR decreased in all amendments to organic soil compared with the control, potentially indicating decreased efficiency of heterotrophic microorganisms to convert organic carbon into microbial biomass. This was also reflected in an elevated qCO2 in the organic soil. The μSIR level was higher in the sandy soil amended with BR-A than with BR-B or CS, indicating a shift toward species capable of rapidly utilizing glucose. NMC was significantly elevated in the clay and organic soils amended with BR-A and BR-B and in the sandy soil amended with BR-B and CS. Thus, biogas residues and cattle slurry had different effects on the bacterial community structure and microbial activity in the three soils. However, the effects of biogas residues on microbial activities were comparable in magnitude to those of cattle slurry and the bacterial community structure was less affected. Therefore, we do not see any reason not to recommend using biogas residues as fertilizers based on the results presented. |
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| Keywords: | Bacterial community structure Basal respiration Biogas residue Cattle slurry Nitrogen mineralization capacity Substrate-induced respiration |
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