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| 水分调控对梨枣果实品质与投入产出效益的影响分析 | |
| 引用本文： | 李晓彬,汪有科,赵春红,王颖,张勇勇,汪星,张建国.水分调控对梨枣果实品质与投入产出效益的影响分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(4):818-822. |
| 作者姓名： | 李晓彬 汪有科 赵春红 王颖 张勇勇 汪星 张建国 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,杨凌712100;中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心,杨凌712100 2. 西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院,杨凌,712100 3. 西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,杨凌,712100 |
| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD88B05)、中国科学院研究生科技创新项目和国家高技术研究发展计划(863 计划)项目(2010AA10A302-1)资助 |
| 摘 要： | 本试验以梨枣为试验材料, 设置5 个灌水梯度(保持70%、60%、50%、40%的田间持水量和不灌水对照), 分别在梨枣萌芽展叶期、开花坐果期与果实膨大期各灌水2 次, 研究水分调控对梨枣果实品质的影响,并进行投入产出效益的比较分析。结果表明: (1)梨枣果实膨大期与开花坐果期是影响果实品质与经济效益的关键需水时期。(2)适当灌溉可以明显改善果实的风味品质与营养品质, 并显著提高梨枣树的果实单果重与果实收获数; 但灌水过多, 产量与品质未得到明显改善, 却增加了成本。(3)合理调控“高产”与“优质”的关键需水时期, 可以均衡达到“高产和优质”。综合分析认为: 对陕北梨枣树灌溉至田间持水量的60%比较适宜，既改善梨枣果实品质, 并显著提高经济产量。 |
| 关 键 词： | 梨枣树 调控灌溉 田间持水量 果实品质 投入产出效益 |
| 收稿时间： | 2010/12/2 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 3/3/2011 12:00:00 AM |
Effect of regulated irrigation on input-output benefits of pear jujube |
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| LI Xiao-Bin,WANG You-Ke,ZHAO Chun-Hong,WANG Ying,ZHANG Yong-Yong,WANG Xing and ZHANG Jian-Guo.Effect of regulated irrigation on input-output benefits of pear jujube[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2011,19(4):818-822. | |
| Authors: | LI Xiao-Bin WANG You-Ke ZHAO Chun-Hong WANG Ying ZHANG Yong-Yong WANG Xing and ZHANG Jian-Guo |
| Institution: | Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; Center for Soil/Water Conservation and Eco-environmental Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Education, Yangling 712100, China;Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; Center for Soil/Water Conservation and Eco-environmental Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Education, Yangling 712100, China;College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China;College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China;Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; Center for Soil/Water Conservation and Eco-environmental Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Education, Yangling 712100, China;College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China;Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; Center for Soil/Water Conservation and Eco-environmental Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Education, Yangling 712100, China |
| Abstract: | Jujube is the main cash forest species in the Loess Plateau region. It is now the preferred and dominant cultivated tree species in the region due to its huge economic and ecological benefits. In this region, however, rainfall-fed and overland flooding remain the principal modes of irrigation, leading to low yield and poor fruit quality. This is a par with societal development, where emphasis has from quantity to quality of fruits/vegetables. It is therefore vital to develop water-saving irrigation systems that ensure high quality/yield in water-deficient regions for high economic benefits. In this paper, five irrigation gradients (to maintain soil water content as 70%, 60%, 50%, 40% of field capacity, and non-irrigation) were set up to investigate the influence of regulated irrigation on the quality of pear jujube fruit. The pear jujube trees were irrigated twice during sprouting and leaf-expansion, flowering and fruit setting, and fruit swelling periods, respectively. The fruit quality and input-output benefits of jujube production under the regulated irrigation system were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) fruit swelling, and flowering and fruit setting periods were the critical water demand periods that influenced fruit quality and economic benefits; (2) appropriate irrigation significantly improved not only fruit flavor and nutritional quality, but also increased weight per pear jujube fruit and number of fruit harvest; excessive irrigation also not only increased production cost, but resulted in no improvement in fruit quality and yield; (3) reasonable regulated irrigation during high water demand periods ensured a balance between input (production cost) and output (high yield and quality of fruits). Further analysis showed that proper irrigation significantly improved yield, quality and economic benefits of pear jujube. Under drought conditions, the economic benefits of jujube forest effectively improved by reasonable irrigation system at critical water demand and transfer periods. The study suggested that the reasonable irrigation system in the region for pear jujube was to keep 60% of field capacity. |
| Keywords: | Pear jujube Regulated irrigation Field capacity Fruit quality Input-output benefit |
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