| 咸水结冰灌溉结合改良剂对滨海盐土的改良作用 |
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| 引用本文： | 程文娟,潘洁,肖辉,陆文龙,王立艳.咸水结冰灌溉结合改良剂对滨海盐土的改良作用[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(4):778-782. |
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| 作者姓名： | 程文娟 潘洁 肖辉 陆文龙 王立艳 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 天津市农业资源与环境研究所,天津,300192
2. 天津市农业科学院,天津,300192 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BADA3B04)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 冬季咸水结冰灌溉是将冬季自然冷资源与滨海盐碱地区丰富的咸水资源相结合, 通过自然结冰使咸淡分离, 再利用结冰融化时咸水先流出淡水后流出会对土壤起到一定的洗盐作用的原理, 对盐碱地进行改良。本文通过大田试验, 研究了冬季咸水结冰灌溉及改良剂对天津滨海盐碱地水盐运移的影响。结果表明, 通过咸水结冰灌溉能降低根层土壤含盐量, 且灌溉水量与土壤含水量呈正相关。冬季咸水结冰灌溉初期可能会引起土壤碱化, 但随着冰层融化及时间的推移, 各处理的碱化趋势会逐渐消弱。在滨海盐土施用磷石膏能够降低HCO3-含量, 增加SO42-、Ca2+含量, 有效降低Cl-、Na+在总盐分中的比例, 且磷石膏施用量越大, 根层土壤的pH 越低、保水能力越强(7 500 kg·hm-2 磷石膏>4 500 kg·hm-2 磷石膏); 施用磷石膏和大水量的咸水结冰灌溉都能很好地促进柽柳生长,且咸水冬季结冰灌溉和施用磷石膏配合(1 350 m3·hm-2 结冰灌溉+7 500 kg·hm-2 磷石膏)效果最好。因此, 咸水结冰灌溉配合改良剂应用可有效改良滨海盐土, 改善因咸水结冰灌溉而带来的土壤碱化问题, 为早期植物萌发生长提供有利条件。
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| 关 键 词： | 滨海盐碱地 咸水结冰灌溉 磷石膏 土壤改良 柽柳 |
| 收稿时间： | 2/7/2011 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 5/3/2011 12:00:00 AM |
Effect of combined frozen saline water irrigation and soil amendment on coastal saline land reclamation |
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| CHENG Wen-Juan,PAN Jie,XIAO Hui,LU Wen-Long and WANG Li-Yan.Effect of combined frozen saline water irrigation and soil amendment on coastal saline land reclamation[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2011,19(4):778-782. |
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| Authors: | CHENG Wen-Juan PAN Jie XIAO Hui LU Wen-Long and WANG Li-Yan |
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| Institution: | Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Tianjin 300192, China;Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Tianjin 300192, China;Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Tianjin 300192, China;Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China;Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Tianjin 300192, China |
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| Abstract: | Frozen saline water irrigation (FSWI) in winter is a kind of irrigation that utilizes natural cold conditions and abundant saline water. Natural melting of frozen brackish water separates salt from soil via salt water leaching that leaves behind fresh water, leading to saline soil desalinization. In accordance with water desalinization via freezing and thawing of saline water, a field experiment was conducted to study the principle of water and salt transfer following FSWI and soil amendment application. The results showed that FSWI in winter reduced rhizosphere soil salinity. The amount of irrigation water was positively correlated with soil moisture. FSWI caused soil alkalization in initial stage of saline water ice melt, although this trend gradually weakened with ice melt under different treatments. Application of phosphogypsum decreased soil HCO3- content, increased soil SO42- and Ca2+ contents, and effectively reduced ratios of Cl- and Na+ in total salt content. With increasing phosphogypsum application rate, rhizosphere soil pH decreased while soil water retention capacity increased (7 500 kg·hm-2 phosphogypsum > 4 500 kg·hm-2 phosphogypsum). High FSWI along with phosphogypsum application enhanced the growth of Chinese tamarisk. The best treatment combination was FSWI in winter at 1 350 m3·hm-2 saline water + 7 500 kg·hm-2 phosphogypsum. Combined FSWI and phosphogypsum application improved coastal saline land reclamation efficiency. It also amended soil alkalization induced by FSWI and provided favorable conditions for early seed germination and plants growth. |
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| Keywords: | Coastal saline land Frozen saline water irrigation Phosphogypsum Soil amendment Chinese tamarisk |
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