| 贵州省不同年代糯高粱品种（系）农艺性状演变分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 高杰,李青风,李晓荣,封广才,彭秋.贵州省不同年代糯高粱品种（系）农艺性状演变分析[J].作物杂志,2019,35(4):17-32. |
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| 作者姓名： | 高杰 李青风 李晓荣 封广才 彭秋 |
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| 作者单位： | 1 贵州省旱粮研究所/贵州省农业科学院,550006,贵州贵阳2 楚雄州农业科学院,675000,云南楚雄3 黔东南州扶贫开发办公室,556000,贵州凯里 |
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| 基金项目： | 黔农科院青年基金([2017]01号);国家现代农业产业体系建设专项“国家谷子高粱产业技术体系贵阳综合试验站”(CARS-06-13.5-B26);贵州省特色旱地粮食作物种质资源创新平台建设项目(黔科中引地（2018）4003);贵州山地优势特色杂粮研发与转化服务企业能力建设(黔科合服企[2018]4005);贵州特色植物种质资源利用与创新人才基地(RCJD2018-14) |
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| 摘 要： | 以贵州省不同年代酿酒用糯高粱品种（系）为研究对象,采用随机区组试验设计,对其农艺性状、产量构成以及抗性差异进行分析,结果表明：随着年代更替,贵州省酿酒用糯高粱单产逐步提高。新品种（红缨子、黔高8号）较老品系（黑壳糯、红壳糯）平均单产增幅25%以上;穗粒数、穗粒重增加显著,增幅分别为51.7%、62.7%;主穗一、二级枝梗数增加幅度分别为19.8%、62.7%;株高降低24.9%,茎粗增加9.5%;节间数增加0.9个,节间长缩短13.3cm;单株叶面积和叶面积指数增加显著;倒伏率、发病率下降显著,成穗率明显提升。各指标相关性分析显示,产量与穗粒数、穗粒重,穗粒数与主穗一、二级枝梗数呈极显著正相关;产量与株高、倒伏率极显著负相关,与茎粗正相关,相关系数分别为-0.981、-0.970和0.928,株高、茎粗与倒伏率相关显著,相关系数分别为0.964和-0.910;产量与叶面积指数正相关,与发病率显著负相关。总的结果表明,主穗一、二级枝梗数的增加提高了糯高粱的穗粒数,植株株高的降低、茎粗的增加促进了抗倒性的提升,抗病性的提升保证了后期叶片光合作用的持续进行,最终提高了糯高粱产量。
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| 关 键 词： | 高粱 农艺性状 产量构成 抗逆性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-03-28 |
Variation Analysis of Agronomic Traits of Waxy Sorghum Varieties(Lines) in Different Eras in Guizhou Province |
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| Gao Jie,Li Qingfeng,Li Xiaorong,Feng Guangcai,Peng Qiu.Variation Analysis of Agronomic Traits of Waxy Sorghum Varieties(Lines) in Different Eras in Guizhou Province[J].Crops,2019,35(4):17-32. |
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| Authors: | Gao Jie Li Qingfeng Li Xiaorong Feng Guangcai Peng Qiu |
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| Institution: | 1 Guizhou Institute of Upland Crops/Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China2 Chuxiong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chuxiong 675000, Yunnan, China3 Qiandongnan Poverty Alleviation and Development Office, Kaili 556000, Guizhou, China |
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| Abstract: | The agronomic traits, yield composition and resistance differences of waxy sorghum for different eras in Guizhou Province were analyzed using a randomized block test design. The results showed that the yield of waxy sorghum increased gradually as the years changed. Compared with the old lines (Heikenuo, Hongkenuo), the new varieties (Hongyingzi, Qiangao 8) yield increased by more than 25%. The grain number per panicle and grain weight per panicle increased by 51.7% and 62.7%, respectively. The number of panicle primary and secondary branches increased by 19.8% and 62.7%, respectively. Plant height decreased by 24.9%, and stem diameter increased by 9.5%, respectively. The number of internodes increased by 0.9 and the length of internode shortened by 13.3cm, respectively. Leaf area per plant and leaf area index increased significantly. The stalk lodging rate and leaf morbidity rate decreased, the earbearing tiller rate increased. Correlation analysis of each index showed that yield was positively correlated with grain number per panicle and grain weight per panicle, and grain number per panicle was positively correlated with panicle primary and secondary branches. Yield was significantly negatively correlated with plant height and stalk lodging rate, and positively correlated with stem diameter, the correlation coefficent was -0.981, -0.970 and 0.928, respectively. Plant height and stem diameter were significantly correlated with stalk lodging rate (the correlation coefficent was 0.964 and -0.910, respectively). Yield was positively correlated with leaf area index and negatively correlated with leaf morbidity rate. All these suggests that the increase of panicle branches number increased grain number per panicle of waxy sorghum. lowered plant height, broadened stem diameter, promoted the lodging resistance, leaf disease resistance in turn provided the security of leaf photosynthesis after flowering and eventually led to the increase of waxy sorghum production. |
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| Keywords: | Sorghum bicolor Agronomic traits Yield components Stress tolerance |
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