Adventitious shoots: Do they develop from one cell? |
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| Authors: | C Broertjes A Keen |
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| Institution: | (1) Foundation ITAL, Wageningen, the Netherlands;(2) Institute TNO for Mathematics, Information processing and Statistics, Wageningen, the Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Summary One of the bottle-necks in mutation breeding of vegetatively propagated crops is the chimera formation after irradiation of multicellular apices in buds of vegetative material. This difficulty can be overcome with in vivo or in vitro adventitious bud techniques which, in combination with radiation, give almost exclusively solid, non-chimeric mutants and unmutated plants. This is usually explained on the basis of the ultimate development of the apex of adventitious shoots from single (epidermal) cells.To investigate whether chimera formation is a matter of chance as a result of which genotypically different cells form the apex of an adventitious shoot, a stochastic model has been developed which describes the process of apex formation and by which the expected relative chimera percentages E(RCP's) are calculated. The discrepancy between these RCP's and the actual figures obtained in various crops, either propagated in vivo or in vitro, leads to the postulate that the apex of the adventitious shoot is formed from only one (epidermal) cell of the meristem or the callus. Another possibility is thatapex formation is not a random process and that the first dividing cell, forming the future meristem or callus, soon occupies the major part of this meristem, on top of which a few cells (most likely genetically identical vegetative daughter cells-mutated or unmutated) form the apex of the adventitious shootlet. |
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| Keywords: | Adventitious shoots in vivo in vitro mutation stochastic model chimera formation |
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