| 蝴蝶花花器结构和开花授粉生物学特性 |
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| 引用本文： | 关文灵,李叶芳,陈贤,杨德.蝴蝶花花器结构和开花授粉生物学特性[J].园艺学报,2009,36(10):1485-1490. |
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| 作者姓名： | 关文灵 李叶芳 陈贤 杨德 |
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| 作者单位： | (云南农业大学园林园艺学院, 昆明650201) |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部"春晖计划"项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过田间观察, 运用杂交指数、花粉及柱头活力、花粉/胚珠比、坐果率等指标, 对蝴蝶花
( Iris japonica Thunb. ) 人工种群的花部特征、开花动态及授粉特性等进行研究。在人工栽培条件下, 蝴蝶花2-4月份开花, 群体花期62 d, 单株花期9～28 d, 单花花期36～48 h。雄蕊短于花柱, 花药与柱头相差0132 cm, 在花朵开放的整个过程中雌、雄蕊的相对位置始终不变。杂交指数OCI = 4, P /O值为275.68,结合坐果率结果, 判断其繁育系统属于异交, 部分自交亲和, 需要传粉者。特殊的花部结构可能是蝴蝶花结实率较低的原因。
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| 关 键 词： | 蝴蝶花 花部特征 杂交指数 花粉/胚珠比 繁育系统 |
| 收稿时间： | 2009-5-31 |
| 修稿时间： | 2009-8-31 |
Flower Structure and Biological Characteristics of Flowering and Pollination in Iris japonica Thunb |
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| GUAN Wen-ling,LI Ye-fang,CHEN Xian,YANG De.Flower Structure and Biological Characteristics of Flowering and Pollination in Iris japonica Thunb[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2009,36(10):1485-1490. |
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| Authors: | GUAN Wen-ling LI Ye-fang CHEN Xian YANG De |
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| Institution: | (College of Landscape and Horticuture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunm ing 650201,China) |
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| Abstract: | A field investigation was conducted on the floral syndrome and pollination characteristics of Iris japonica Thunb. in artificial populations by continuous observation, out-crossing index, pollen-ovule ratio and fruit-set rat. The main results are as follows: Under artificial culture conditions, the population comeinto bloom from Febrary to April and the flowering span among populations is 62 days. The flowering span for a plant is 9 - 28 days. The life span of one single flower was approximately 36 - 48 hours. The stamen was close to the lateral side of the petaloid style and 0.32 cm shorter than the style, and the relative position between the stamen and style was always unchanged in the whole flowering process. The out-crossing index was 4, P /O was about ., thebreeding system of those species was given priority to out-crossing, part self-compatibility, insects pollinator dependent. The special floral structure may be the reasons that those species have a low setting percentage. |
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| Keywords: | Iris japonica Thunb Iris japonica Thunb floral syndrome out-crossing index pollen-ovule ratio breeding system |
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