| 苹果新品种‘华冠’‘华帅’培育研究报告 |
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| 引用本文： | 王宇霖,张顺妮,过国南,阎淑芝,郭兆年,潘兴,李献华.苹果新品种‘华冠’‘华帅’培育研究报告[J].果树学报,1990(1). |
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| 作者姓名： | 王宇霖 张顺妮 过国南 阎淑芝 郭兆年 潘兴 李献华 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所
(王宇霖，张顺妮，过国南，阎淑芝，郭兆年，潘兴)，中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所(李献华) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了培育在综合性状方面超过‘金冠’和‘红星’系的新品种.利用‘富士’、‘新红星’、‘金冠’进行杂交.经过13年的培育,育出‘华冠’、‘华帅’两个苹果新品种.此二新品种均具有优质、高产、耐贮和果实外观美的优点.在郑州地区普通室温下.它们都可以贮藏至次年3月份.而肉质仍脆,不沙不绵.风味优美.
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| 关 键 词： | 苹果育种 苹果新品种 ‘华冠’ ‘华帅’ |
BREEDING REPORT ON APPLE NEW VARIETIES“HUAGUAN”AND“HUASHUAI” |
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| Wang Yulin,Zhang Shunni,Guo Guonan,Yian Shuzhi,Guo Zhaonian,Pan Xing,Li Xianhua.BREEDING REPORT ON APPLE NEW VARIETIES“HUAGUAN”AND“HUASHUAI”[J].Journal of Fruit Science,1990(1). |
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| Authors: | Wang Yulin Zhang Shunni Guo Guonan Yian Shuzhi Guo Zhaonian Pan Xing Li Xianhua |
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| Abstract: | At present,the Golden Delicioius,Red Delicious,Starking and their differ- ent strains are popular varieties grown in the world.Although the Golden Del-icious has many good points:early bearing,high cropping and best eatingquality,but it also has some weak points:the fruit surface is always russetingand shrinking after storage,the flesh texture is not so crisp.As to the Red Del-icious,Starking and their different strains,the most serious disadvantage ofthem is their short storage and shelf life,their fruits are very easily soften andmealy,generally speaking,their productions are not high.That is why duringthe past more than half a century the apple breeders in the world want to breedsome new varieties which should have all the advantages of Golden Delicious,Red Delicious,Starking and their strains,but not have their disadvantages.But till now they have not gotten their aims yet.In order to breed new varieties as mentioned above,the authors used theFuji,Golden Delicious and Starkrimson as the parental varieties,did the hy-bridization in 1976 and sowed the crossed seeds in 1977.Through 13 years worktwo new varieties nearly satisfied in every aspect were bred.One was named“Huaguan”(Golden Delicious×Fuji),the other was named“Huashuai”(Fuji×Starkrimson).Huaguan matures in mid September,its average fruit weight is about 170g,has a beautiful appearence,ground color yellow,half surface of the fruit brightred,crisp flesh texture,juicy,acid-sweet in flvour,excellent eating quality.Just in the ordinary room temperature,it can be stored more than 6 months wit-hout change of the crisp flesh texture and flavour.As the whole,the appear-ence,fruit color,flesh texture,flavour,storage and shelf-life,Huaguan is muchbetter than the Golden Delicious,Criterion,Blushing Gold and Crispin.In com-parison with Fuji,it matures 1.5 months earlier than Fuji,but has almostsimilar crisp flesh texture,eating quality and storage life.Huashuai matures in the end of September.It has big fruits,average weightaround 210 g.The appearence and color is much similar to the Starking,fleshtexture crisp,juicy,acid-sweet,strong aroma.Just as Huaguan,fruits of Hua-shuai also can be stored in ordinary room temperature for nearly 6 months,and the crisp flesh texture changes not much.In comparison with Fuji,Huashuaimatures 2—3 weeks earlier than it,but keeps the similar flesh texture.Thearoma of Huashuai is much stronger than Fuji.The authors consider that the release of Huagran and Huashuli should bethe greal breakthrough in the world apple breeding.It is expected that the Gol-den Delicious,Red Delicious,Starking and their different strains will bereplaced by these two new varieties. |
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| Keywords: | Apple breeding Apple new varieties ‘Huaguan’ ‘Huashuai’ |
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