Effect of land surface uniformity on some economic parameters of irrigation in sodic soils under reclamation |
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| Authors: | N K Tyagi |
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| Institution: | (1) Division of Engineering, Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, 132001 (Haryana) Karnal, India |
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| Abstract: | Summary The effect of levelling uniformity measured in terms of mean deviation from the desired plane and designated as levelling index (L.1.), on some irrigation quality parameters, such as water application and distribution efficiencies, and economic factors, including the cost of levelling and crop yield, has been investigated in sodic soils irrigated by graded borders. Increases in L. I. which reflects decreases in levelling quality, resulted in higher system water application depth, the values being 4.2 cm and 9.5 cm at L.1. values of 0–1.5 cm and 6.0–7.5 cm, respectively. Higher application depths were associated with low water application efficiencies and the relationship was logarithmic in nature. Higher application depths in poorly levelled plots not only resulted in reduced irrigation frequencies, but also caused water inundation over the field surface because of the low infiltration rates in sodic soils. With wheat grain yield of 3,128 kg/ha at L. I.=0-1.5 cm as compared to only 2,246 kg/ha at L.1.=6–7.5 cm, the effect of levelling quality on crop yield appears to be significant. The reduction in crop yield may be attributed to low irrigation frequencies which were associated with higher system water application depth that caused waterlogging. The results show that crop yields were likely to decrease for a depth of infiltration of 40 cm or more, which is indicative of surface water inundation for longer duration. The economic analysis of income from crop production and levelling cost at different L.I. values showed that improving the levelling quality to a fairly high uniformity level was profitable in sodic soils of the Indo-Gangetic plain. |
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