| 基于CRISPR-Cas系统的病原体检测研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 张庆勋,钟震宇,郭青云,何宏轩,白加德.基于CRISPR-Cas系统的病原体检测研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医,2022,49(8):3190-3199. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张庆勋 钟震宇 郭青云 何宏轩 白加德 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 北京麋鹿生态实验中心, 北京 100076;2. 北京生物多样性保护研究中心, 北京 100076;3. 中国科学院动物研究所, 北京 100101 |
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| 基金项目： | 北京市自然科学基金(6194031);北京市科学技术研究院"萌芽计划"(BGS202108);国家林草局项目"麋鹿疫病防治及健康管理的关键技术集成研究(2020) |
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| 摘 要： | 开发快速、灵敏、特异的检测方法对于新发突发人兽共患病、动物疫病的监测及防控至关重要。规律成簇的间隔短回文重复序列及相关蛋白(CRISPR-Cas)系统以高敏感性、特异性及可扩展性的DNA和RNA识别为特点,已成为新一代的分子诊断工具,在病原体快速检测技术研发中得到广泛应用。在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情中,基于CRISPR-Cas系统开发的新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)检测试剂盒(SHERLOCK和DETECTR)在美国相继获批,中国研发的基于CRISPR-Cas12系统的SARS-CoV-2检测试剂盒也已获批上市,这表明基于CRISPR-Cas系统的病原体检测方法在未来的应用前景非常可观。文章首先简述了CRISPR-Cas系统类型,尤其是常用于病原体检测的Cas9、Cas12和Cas13;介绍了CRISPR-Cas系统的作用机理以及广泛应用。同时分析了CRISPR-Cas检测平台研发的关键技术问题,包括靶标基因的序列保守性、靶标基因的富集与扩增、终信号不同的读取方式等,并对CRISPR-Cas系统的未来发展及应用前景进行了展望。
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| 关 键 词： | CRISPR-Cas系统 病原体检测 诊断 应用 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-01-05 |
Recent Advances of Pathogens Detection Based on CRISPR-Cas System |
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| ZHANG Qingxun,ZHONG Zhenyu,GUO Qingyun,HE Hongxuan,BAI Jiade.Recent Advances of Pathogens Detection Based on CRISPR-Cas System[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2022,49(8):3190-3199. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Qingxun ZHONG Zhenyu GUO Qingyun HE Hongxuan BAI Jiade |
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| Institution: | 1. Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing 100076, China;2. Beijing Biodiversity Conservation Research Center, Beijing 100076, China;3. Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China |
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| Abstract: | Development of rapid,specific and sensitive detection method for emerging and re-emerging zoonosis and animal disease is critical for disease surveillance,prevention and control.CRISPR-Cas system,characterized by their sensitivity,specificity,and scalability upon DNA and RNA recognition,have been repurposed for the new generation of molecular diagnostic tools and are highly applied for pathogens detection.In the COVID-19 pandemic,CRISPR-Cas based SARS-CoV-2 detection kits (SHERLOCK and DETECTR) have been approved by USA,and CRISPR-Cas12 based SARS-CoV-2 detection kit developed in China has also been approved for marketing,implying that CRISPR-Cas assisted detection method could have a lot of uses in the future.This review firstly introduces the classification of CRISPR-Cas systems,especially CRISPR-Cas9/Cas12/Cas13,which are commonly used for pathogen detection. It also introduces the mechanism and the wider applications of CRISPR-Cas system. Meanwhile,the paper analyses the key technical issues in the development of CRISPR-Cas detection platform including sequence conservation of target genes,target enrichment and amplification,pathogens sensing with different signal readouts,and discusses the future development and application prospect of this method. |
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| Keywords: | CRISPR-Cas system pathogens detection diagnosis application |
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