| 减少追氮量对弱筋小麦品种农艺性状和生理特性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 汤小庆,丁永刚,梁 鹏,姚 月,薛文霞,朱 敏,李春燕,朱新开,丁锦峰,郭文善.减少追氮量对弱筋小麦品种农艺性状和生理特性的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2021(1):88-95. |
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| 作者姓名： | 汤小庆 丁永刚 梁 鹏 姚 月 薛文霞 朱 敏 李春燕 朱新开 丁锦峰 郭文善 |
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| 作者单位： | （1.扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心/扬州大学小麦研究中心，江苏扬州 225009； 2.江苏金色农业股份有限公司，江苏盐城 224000） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0300405，2018YFD0300802）；国家自然科学基金项目（31771711）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目；扬州大学科技创新团队项目；扬州大学科研创新计划项目（XKYCX18-084） |
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| 摘 要： | 为给小麦绿色高效生产提供参考,以弱筋小麦品种扬麦24为材料,在常规施氮量225kg·hm~(-2)、基施氮肥占50%的基础上,于分蘖期、拔节期和孕穗期分别减少追氮量,共设M5122、M5050、M5040、M5030、M3230和M5000六个施氮模式(M后面的4个数字分别代表基施氮肥以及分蘖期、拔节期、孕穗期追施氮肥的比例),以M5122和M5050模式为对照,研究减少追氮量对弱筋小麦品种农艺性状和生理特性的影响。结果表明,常规施氮量下,施氮模式M5122的产量比M5050高,但差异未达到显著水平。相比施氮模式M5050,追氮量减少10%时,施氮模式M5040对穗数、千粒重、花后群体干物质积累量、LAI、绿叶氮含量、单茎叶面积和旗叶净光合速率没有显著影响,可实现与不减氮处理相同的产量水平;但追氮量减少20%以上时,施氮模式M5030、M3230和M5000则显著降低单茎叶面积和旗叶光合速率,导致穗数和茎蘖成穗率减少,最终产量显著下降。综上,追肥减氮潜力有限,过多减少不利光合生产。
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| 关 键 词： | 减少追氮 弱筋小麦 产量 农艺性状 生理特性 |
Effect of Topdressed Nitrogen Reduction on Agronomic and Physiological Characteristics of Weak-Gluten Wheat Cultivar |
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| TANG Xiaoqing,DING Yonggang,LIANG Peng,YAO Yue,XUE Wenxi,ZHU Min,LI Chunyan,ZHU Xinkai,DING Jinfeng,GUO Wenshan.Effect of Topdressed Nitrogen Reduction on Agronomic and Physiological Characteristics of Weak-Gluten Wheat Cultivar[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2021(1):88-95. |
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| Authors: | TANG Xiaoqing DING Yonggang LIANG Peng YAO Yue XUE Wenxi ZHU Min LI Chunyan ZHU Xinkai DING Jinfeng GUO Wenshan |
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| Abstract: | In order to provide a reference for green and efficient production of wheat, the weak-gluten variety Yangmai 24 was used as material. On the basis of conventional nitrogen application rate (225 kg·hm-2) and basic fertilizer accounting for 50%, nitrogen topdressing amount was reduced at tillering stage,jointing stage and booting stage.6 nitorgen apolication modes were set up,including M5122,M5050,M5040,M5030,M3230 and M5000(the four numbers after M represent the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer applied at base and topdressing at tillering,jointing and booting stages,respectively).The results showed that the yield of M5122 was higher than that of M5050, but the difference was not significant. Compared with the nitrogen application mode M5050, the nitrogen application mode M5040 had no significant effect on spike number, 1 000-grain weight, dry matter accumulation after anthesis, LAI, nitrogen contentin green leaf, leaf area per stem and net photosynthetic rate of flag leaf, achieving the same yield level as that without nitrogen reduction. However, when the nitrogen topdressing amount was reduced by more than 20%, the nitrogen application modes M5030, M3230 and M5000 significantly reduced the leaf area per stem and photosynthetic rate of flag leaf, and lowered the number of spikes and the percentage of tillers, resulting in a great yield loss. The results showed that the potential of nitrogen reduction by topdressing was limited, while too much reduction has a negative effect on photosynthetic production. |
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| Keywords: | Topdressed nitrogen reduction Weak-gluten wheat Grain yield Agronomic characteristics Physiological characteristics |
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