| 大豆浓缩蛋白对大黄鱼生长和肠道微生物菌群的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 水晓梅,林舸,赵欣涛,黄俊,何娇娇,娄宇栋,冯建,王萍.大豆浓缩蛋白对大黄鱼生长和肠道微生物菌群的影响[J].中国水产科学,2021,28(1):37-47. |
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| 作者姓名： | 水晓梅 林舸 赵欣涛 黄俊 何娇娇 娄宇栋 冯建 王萍 |
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| 作者单位： | 浙江海洋大学, 浙江省海洋养殖装备与工程技术重点实验室, 浙江 舟山 316000;大连棒棰岛海参发展有限公司, 辽宁 大连 116100 |
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| 摘 要： | 用大豆浓缩蛋白(SPC)替代鱼粉饲喂大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea), 以探究其对幼鱼生长、肠道结构及肠道微生物菌群的影响。选取初始体重为(10.50±0.04) g的大黄鱼幼鱼, SPC替代鱼粉的比例分别为0% (SPC0, 对照组)、25% (SPC25)、50% (SPC50)、75% (SPC75)和100% (SPC100), 制作成5种等氮(粗蛋白水平为45%)等脂(粗脂肪水平为10%)的实验饲料, 进行为期56 d的饲养实验。结果表明, 与SPC0(对照组)相比, 幼鱼的存活率、增重率、特定生长率以及饲料系数受各SPC替代鱼粉水平的影响不显著(P>0.05)。肠道组织学显示, 各处理组幼鱼肠道的后肠黏膜厚度、皱襞高度、固有层宽度和杯状细胞个数差异性不显著(P>0.05)。Illumina HiSeq 高通量测序技术分析发现, SPC0 (TC: 对照组)、SPC25 (TB: 生长相对最佳组) 和SPC100 (TW: 生长相对最差组)的Chao1、香农指数(Shannon)、辛普森指数(Simpson)和覆盖率(good coverage)差异不显著(P>0.05); TC、TB和TW组幼鱼肠道细菌在门水平的优势菌群为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes), 类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus)在属水平占绝对优势。根据属水平的菌属差异结果发现幼鱼的生长受细菌微生物的组成的影响: 与TC组相比, TB组微小杆菌属(Exiguobacterium)、红杆菌属(Rhodobacter)和伦黑墨氏菌属(Rheinheimera)的物种丰度显著降低(P<0.05); 与TC组相比较, TW组红杆菌属(Rhodobacter)的物种丰度显著降低(P<0.05), 乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)的物种丰度显著增加(P<0.05)。综上所述, 大黄鱼幼鱼的生长、肠道结构及肠道优势菌群不会因为鱼粉完全被大豆浓缩蛋白替代而产生负面的影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 大黄鱼 大豆浓缩蛋白 肠道结构 生长 高通量测序 肠道微生物 |
Effects of soy protein concentrate on growth and intestinal microbiota of large yellow croaker, Larimichthys crocea |
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| Shui Xiaomei,Lin Ge,Zhao Xintao,Huang Jun,He Jiaojiao,Lou Yudong,Feng Jian,Wang Ping.Effects of soy protein concentrate on growth and intestinal microbiota of large yellow croaker, Larimichthys crocea[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2021,28(1):37-47. |
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| Authors: | Shui Xiaomei Lin Ge Zhao Xintao Huang Jun He Jiaojiao Lou Yudong Feng Jian Wang Ping |
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| Institution: | Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Equipment and Engineering Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000 , China;Dalian Bangchui Island Sea Cucumber Development Co. Ltd, Dalian 116100 , China |
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| Abstract: | In order to explore the influence of soybean protein concentrate (SPC) in place of fish meal on the growth, intestinal structure, and intestinal microbial community of Larimichthys crocea (with an initial weight of 10.50 g±0.04 g), SPC with concentrations of 0% (SPC0, control group), 25% (SPC25), 50% (SPC50), 75% (SPC75), and 100% (SPC100) were used to replace the fish meal in the basic feed (containing 40% fish meal) to produce five experimental feed stocks with equal nitrogen (crude protein level = 45%) and other fats (crude fat level = 10%). The feeding experiment was carried out for a period of 56 days. Our results showed that the survival rate, weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed coefficient rate (FCR) of young fish were not significantly affected by SPC-substituted fish meal compared with SPC0 (control group) (P>0.05). Intestinal histology showed that there were no significant differences in the posterior intestinal mucosa, plica height, natural width, and goblet cell number in the intestinal tract of juvenile fish in each treatment group (P>0.05). Illumina HiSeq high-throughput sequencing analysis with Chao1, Shannon index, Simpson index, and Good coverage analysis showed that there were no significant differences (P>0.05) among SPC0 (TC: control), SPC25 (TB: The relative optimal growth group), and SPC100 (TW: The relative worst growth group). At the phylum level, Firmicutes were the dominant bacteria group in the TC, TB, and TW groups, whereas Paenibacillus dominated at the genus level. Compared with the TC group, the species abundance of Exiguobacterium, Rhodobacter, and Rheinheimera in the TB group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the TC group, the species abundance of Rhodobacter in the TW group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and that of Lactobacillus was significantly increased (P<0.05). In conclusion, the growth, intestinal structure, and intestinal dominant flora of juvenile yellow croaker were not negatively affected by the complete substitution of fish meal with soy protein concentrate. |
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