| 基于多元变量的南极磷虾拖网作业状态影响因素分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈明鑫,许柳雄,唐浩,周成.基于多元变量的南极磷虾拖网作业状态影响因素分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2021,30(1):144-154. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈明鑫 许柳雄 唐浩 周成 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海海洋大学 海洋科学学院, 上海 201306;上海海洋大学 海洋科学学院, 上海 201306;农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室, 上海 201306;国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306;大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室, 上海 201306;农业农村部大洋渔业资源环境科学观测实验站, 上海 201306 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（31902426，41806110）；上海市科学技术委员会青年科技英才扬帆计划（19YF1419800）；农业农村部南极生物资源开发利用专项（D-8002-18-0097） |
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| 摘 要： | 拖网作业过程中的网位、网身状态、拖网整体状态是评价拖网性能优劣的重要指标。以南极磷虾拖网为例,通过测量拖网不同部位(上纲、第3~4节网身连接处和网囊口上部中点)深度,以部位间深度差表示拖网作业状态,分析捕捞操作、海洋环境和渔获量对拖网作业状态的影响,确定中层拖网作业过程中状态的变化趋势。结果表明:上纲与第3~4节网身连接处深度差范围为-0.20~8.02 m,上纲与网囊口上部中点深度差范围为6.49~30.16 m;曳纲长度、拖速、风速、150 m水层流速对磷虾拖网上纲深度影响显著,上纲深度与曳纲长度和150 m水层流速呈正相关关系,与拖速呈负相关关系,随风速增加,上纲深度先减小后增大;拖速、200 m水层流速和浪高对上纲与第3~4节网身连接处深度差影响极显著;上纲与第3~4节网身连接处深度差具有随拖速和200 m水层流速的增加,先增大后减小的趋势,其中拖速为2.6 kn以及200 m水层流速为0.3 kn时,上纲与网囊口上部中点深度差最大,2 m浪高时,深度差最小;渔获量与上纲和网囊口上部中点深度差呈正相关关系;曳纲长度是影响拖网作业状态的最重要因素,其次是拖网速度、风速、浪高和水流速度。
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| 关 键 词： | 南极磷虾 拖网状态 捕捞 海洋环境 渔获量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/12/16 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/3/23 0:00:00 |
Factors influencing the trawling status of Antarctic krill fishery based on multivariate analysis |
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| CHEN Mingxin,XU Liuxiong,TANG Hao,ZHOU Cheng.Factors influencing the trawling status of Antarctic krill fishery based on multivariate analysis[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2021,30(1):144-154. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Mingxin XU Liuxiong TANG Hao ZHOU Cheng |
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| Institution: | College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201306, China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Oceanic Fishery Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201306, China |
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| Abstract: | The net position, net body status and overall status of trawl are important indices to evaluate the trawling performance during trawling operation. The trawl operation status of an Antarctic krill trawl is expressed by the depth difference between the different parts of the trawl (headline, section 3-4 net body connection, upper midpoint of the cod-end mouth). In order to determine the trawling status of midwater trawl,the effects of fishing operations, marine environment and catch on the status of trawling operations were investigated in this study. The results showed that:The depth difference between the headline and the section 3-4 net body connection range from -0.20 to 8.02 m, and the depth difference between the headline and the upper midpoint of the cod-end mouth ranged from 6.49 to 30.16 m; Warp length, towing speed, wind speed and water velocity at 150 m depth had significant effects on the depth of the headline (P<0.05); The headline depth was positively correlated with the warp length and water velocity at 150 m depth, there was a negative correlation between the headline depth and towing speed, and the headline depth decreased first and then increased with the increase of wind speed; Towing speed, water velocity at 200 m depth and wave height had significant effects on the depth difference between the headline and the section 3-4 net body connection(P<0.05), The depth difference between the headline and the section 3-4 net body connection increased first and then decreased with the towing speed and water velocity at 200 m, When the towing speed was 2.6 kn and the water velocity at 200 m was 0.3 kn, the depth difference between the headline and the section 3-4 net body connection was the largest, and the depth difference was the smallest when the wave height was 2 m; The catch was positively correlated with the depth difference between the headline and upper midpoint of the cod-end mouth; Warp length was the most important factor affecting the status of trawling operations, followed by towing speed, wind speed, wave height, and water flow velocity. |
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| Keywords: | Antarctic krill trawl status fishing marine environment catch |
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