Surfactants in the Sea Surface Microlayer,Underlying Water and Atmospheric Particles of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems |
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| Authors: | Royston Uning Mohd Talib Latif Kai Ling Yu Sze Yin Cheng Fatimah Ahamad Md Firoz Khan Edmand Andrew Bedurus Suhaimi Suratman |
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| Institution: | 1.School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology,Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,Bangi,Malaysia;2.Centre for Tropical Climate Change System (IKLIM), Institute of Climate Change,Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,Bangi,Malaysia;3.Institute of Oceanography and Environment,Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,Kuala Terengganu,Malaysia |
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| Abstract: | This study aims to determine the composition of surfactants in the sea surface microlayer (SML), underlying water (ULW) and atmospheric particles (AP). Surfactants were determined colorimetrically as methylene blue active substances (MBAS) and disulphine blue active substances (DBAS) for anionic and cationic surfactants, respectively. The concentration of dissolved inorganic nutrients (DIN) in ULW was determined so as to indicate the influence of ULW to the surfactants in SML. The results showed that the concentration of MBAS and DBAS in SML at both stations ranged between 0.05 and 0.31 μmol L?1, and between 0.19 and 0.59 μmol L?1, respectively. Surfactants in ULW influence the concentration of surfactants in SML (r?=?0.65, p?<?0.01, n?=?36). The station influenced by anthropogenic sources showed a higher concentration of surfactants in ULW, SML and AP. This finding suggests fine mode atmospheric particles (FMAP) are the main carrier for anionic surfactants as MBAS in the coastal ecosystem. Anionic surfactants as MBAS were found as better indicator of anthropogenic sources than cationic ones. |
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