Phenolics from commercialized grape extracts prevent early atherosclerotic lesions in hamsters by mechanisms other than antioxidant effect |
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| Authors: | Auger Cyril Gérain Peggy Laurent-Bichon Florence Portet Karine Bornet Aurélie Caporiccio Bertrand Cros Gérard Teissédre Pierre-Louis Rouanet Jean-Max |
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| Institution: | Equipe d'Accueil 3762, Nutrition et Aliment, Département Agroressources and Procédés Biologiques, Université Montpellier II, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier 05, France. |
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| Abstract: | The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiatherosclerotic effect of commercially available phenolic-rich extracts from grape seeds (ExGrape seeds, EGS; grape seed extract, GSE) and marc (ExGrape total, EGT) in cholesterol-fed hamsters and to investigate possible operating mechanisms. These extracts fed at a moderate dose mimicking two glasses of red wine per meal reduced plasma cholesterol (-11% on average) but did not affect plasma antioxidant capacity of hamsters. The extracts prevented the development of aortic atherosclerosis by 68% (EGS), 63% (EGT), and 34% (GSE). Elsewhere, in an ex vivo experiment using rat aortic rings, EGS (7 microg/mL) induced 77% endothelium-dependent relaxation, whereas EGT and GSE (30 microg/mL) induced 84 and 72%, respectively. These results suggests that phenolic extracts from grape seeds and marc are beneficial in inhibiting atherosclerosis by indirect mechanism(s). |
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