| 不同基质和覆土栽培条件下双孢蘑菇中吡虫啉和咪鲜胺残留差异影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 郭燕云,陈珊珊,张其才,饶钦雄,王献礼,程琳,宋卫国.不同基质和覆土栽培条件下双孢蘑菇中吡虫啉和咪鲜胺残留差异影响[J].农药学学报,2021,23(5):964-972. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郭燕云 陈珊珊 张其才 饶钦雄 王献礼 程琳 宋卫国 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海海洋大学 食品学院,上海 201306;上海市农业科学院 农产品质量标准与检测技术研究所,上海 201403;上海市农业科学院 农产品质量标准与检测技术研究所,上海 201403 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然基金面上项目 (31772189) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了明确吡虫啉和咪鲜胺在双孢蘑菇Agaricus bisporus不同栽培基质中的消解规律，采用在工厂化双孢蘑菇栽培覆土中拌料施药、培养料中喷药两种施药方式开展田间试验，运用QuEChERS净化前处理技术结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱 (UPLC-MS/MS) 分析，检测了吡虫啉和咪鲜胺在双孢蘑菇栽培基质和子实体中的残留。结果表明:吡虫啉和咪鲜胺的消解规律均符合一级反应动力学方程；在常规覆土、草木灰土和椰糠土3种覆土中的消解半衰期，吡虫啉分别为 84.5、65.4 和68.6 d，咪鲜胺分别为23.5、17.7和19.0 d；在m (稻秸秆) : m (麦秸秆)=0 : 10 (CT1) 和2 : 8 (CT2) 两种培养料处理中的消解半衰期，吡虫啉分别为7.7 和8.0 d，咪鲜胺分别为10.9和12.8 d。两种农药在不同基质中的消解趋势相同，半衰期均表现为常规覆土 > 椰糠土 > 草木灰土，培养料CT2 > 培养料CT1。两种农药在不同处理下生长的双孢蘑菇三潮菇中均有检出，说明覆土和培养料中的农药会向双孢蘑菇中迁移。本研究初步揭示了吡虫啉和咪鲜胺在双孢蘑菇不同栽培基质中的消解规律，为工厂化双孢蘑菇中农药的规范使用及培养基质的合理选择提供了理论支持。
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| 关 键 词： | 栽培基质 双孢蘑菇 吡虫啉 咪鲜胺 消解 残留 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-01-21 |
Effects of different substrates and casing materials on imidacloprid and prochloraz residues in Agaricus bisporus |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China2.Institute of Agro-Product Quality Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to clarify the dissipation of imidacloprid and prochloraz residues in Agaricus bisporus cultivated in different cultivation, field experiments were carried out by mixing pesticides into the casing soil or spraying on the compost. The residues of imidacloprid and prochloraz in the substrates and fruiting body were determined using QuEChERS and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The results showed that the dissipation dynamics of imidacloprid and prochloraz met the first-order reaction kinetics equation. The dissipation half-lives (t1/2) of imidacloprid were 84.5 d, 65.4 d, 68.6 d in the conventional casing soil, plant ash soil, and coconut chaff soil, and t1/2 of prochloraz in those soil were 23.5 d, 17.7 d and 19.0 d, respectively. In the compost with proportion of m (rice straws) : m (wheat straws)=0 : 10 (CT1) and 2 : 8 (CT2), t1/2 of imidacloprid was 7.7 d, 8.0 d, and t1/2 of prochloraz was 10.9 d, 12.8 d respectively. The t1/2 of the two pesticides in different substrates had the same tendency as following: conventional casing soil > coconut chaff soil > plant ash soil, and in the compost CT2 > the compost CT1. Both pesticides were detected in three flushes of mushroom under different treatments, which indicated that the pesticides in casing soil and compost would migrate to fruiting body of the mushrooms. This study preliminarily revealed the dissipation dynamics of imidacloprid and prochloraz in different Agaricus bisporus, which provided theoretical support for the standardized use of pesticides and the reasonable selection of cultivation in industrial Agaricus bisporus. |
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