| 水氮互作对工业大麻生长、光合特性及产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 高金虎,李冲,赵铭森,冯旭平,孔佳茜,薛红丽,孟晓康,康红梅.水氮互作对工业大麻生长、光合特性及产量的影响[J].热带作物学报,2021,42(8):2324-2333. |
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| 作者姓名： | 高金虎 李冲 赵铭森 冯旭平 孔佳茜 薛红丽 孟晓康 康红梅 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.山西农业大学经济作物研究所,山西太原 0300312.汾阳市气象局,山西汾阳 032200 |
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| 基金项目： | 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-16S01);山西省面上青年基金项目(201701D221202) |
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| 摘 要： | 针对籽用工业大麻种植区存在的灌水施氮不合理问题,在大田条件下设置不同水平灌水量和施氮量,探讨作物生长、SPAD值（叶绿素含量）、叶片光合性能、产量及其构成因素等的变化,揭示麻籽产量对水氮互作的响应机制等,为确定适宜的水氮施用量提供理论依据。采用2因素4水平随机区组试验设计,灌溉水平设0（W0）、60（W1）、120（W2）、180（W3）mm,施氮量设0（N0）、225（N1）、450（N2）、675（N3）kg/hm2。结果表明：灌水（W1、W2、W3）和施氮（N1、N2、N3）均可显著提高工业大麻株高、茎粗和地上部干物质量数值。SPAD值在不同灌水水平下均表现为N0123;在不同氮肥水平下表现为W0123。灌水和施氮都能在一定程度上显著提高工业大麻叶片光合性能。W3和W2水平麻籽产量显著高于W0;N3和N2水平麻籽产量显著高于N0;W2N2产量最高,比W2N0和W0N0分别高11.25%和22.01%。通径分析表明,不同水氮处理导致分枝高、茎粗和分枝数等的改变进而影响产量。旺长期和开花期各灌水60 mm,配合播前施氮肥450 kg/hm2,是籽用工业大麻最佳水氮供应模式,可起到节本增产的效果。
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| 关 键 词： | 工业大麻 灌水量 施氮量 光合性能 籽粒产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-07-16 |
Effect of Water and Nitrogen Interaction on the Growth,Photosynthetic Characteristics,and Yield of Industrial Hemp |
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| GAO Jinhu,Li Chong,ZHAO Mingsen,FEN Xuping,KONG Jiaqiang,XUE Hongli,MENG Xiaokang,KANG Hongmei.Effect of Water and Nitrogen Interaction on the Growth,Photosynthetic Characteristics,and Yield of Industrial Hemp[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2021,42(8):2324-2333. |
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| Authors: | GAO Jinhu Li Chong ZHAO Mingsen FEN Xuping KONG Jiaqiang XUE Hongli MENG Xiaokang KANG Hongmei |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Industrial Crops, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China2. Fenyang Meteorological Bureau, Fenyang, Shanxi 032200, China |
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| Abstract: | Aim ed at the problem of unreasonable irrigation and nitrogen application in the seed-use industrial hemp planting area, different levels of irrigation and nitrogen application were set under field conditions to discuss crop growth, SPAD value (chlorophyll content), leaf photosynthetic performance, yield and its constituent factors. The changes reveal the response mechanism of hemp seed yield to the interaction of water and nitrogen and provide a theoretical basis for determining the appropriate amount of water and nitrogen application. A two-factor four-level randomized block trial design was adopted. The four irrigation levels were set to 0 (W0), 60 (W1), 120 (W2), 180 (W3) mm, and the four nitrogen application rates were set to 0 (N0), 225 (N1), 450(N2), 675(N3) kg/hm2. Both irrigation (W1, W2, W3) and nitrogen application (N1, N2, N3) could significantly increase the plant height, stem diameter, and above-ground dry matter mass values of industrial hemp. The SPAD value was N0 < N1 < N2 3, and W0 < W1 < W2 < W3 under different irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer treatments, respectively. Both irrigation and nitrogen application significantly improved the photosynthetic performance of industrial hemp leaves to a certain extent. The hemp seed yield of W3 and W2 was significantly higher than that of W0. The hemp seed yield of N3 and N2 was significantly higher than that of N0. W2N2 had the highest yield, 11.25% and 22.01% higher than W2N0 and W0N0, respectively. Path analysis showed that different water and nitrogen treatments resulted in changes in branch height, stem diameter, and the number of branches, which affected the yield. Irrigation of 60 mm in the rapid growth and flowering periods, combined with 450 kg/hm2 fertilization before sowing, is the best water and nitrogen supply mode for seed industrial hemp, which can save costs and increase production. |
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| Keywords: | industrial hemp irrigation nitrogen application rate photosynthetic performance seed yield |
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