Correlated responses of fatty acid composition, grain quality, and agronomic traits to nine cycles of recurrent selection for increased oil content in oat |
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| Authors: | JB Holland KJ Frey and EG Hammond |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;(2) Present address: USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Unit, Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Box 7620, 27695, USA;(3) Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition and Center for Crops Utilization Research, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA |
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| Abstract: | Increases in the groat-oil content of oat (Avena sativa L.) increase the energy value of the grain and improve the feasibility of extracting oat oil for use as a vegetable oil.
Nine cycles of recurrent selection for greater groat-oil content conducted in a genetically broad-based oat population resulted
in dramatic increases in groat-oil content. Our objectives were todetermine if selection for greater groat-oil content affected
fatty acid composition, grain quality traits (test weight and seed weight), or agronomic traits (straw yield, biomass, harvest
index, heading date, and height). We evaluated 100 random lines from the base (C0) population and each of the nine selection
cycle populations in three environments in order to estimate means, genetic variances, heritabilities, and genotypic and phenotypic
correlations of grain quality and agronomic traits. We also evaluated 20 random lines from each population to estimate changes
in fatty acid contents. Oleate and stearate contents increased over cycles of selection, as did the ratio of unsaturated to
saturated fatty acids. Palmitate, linoleate, and linolenate contents and all grain quality and agronomic traits except harvest
index decreased over cycles of selection. There was no evidence for reduced genetic variance or heritability in C9 for any
trait, but the genotypic and phenotypic correlations between agronomic traits and oil content fluctuated over cycles. Selection
for increased groat-oil content improved oil quality but reduced grain quality and agronomic performance of the population.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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| Keywords: | Avena fatty acid composition genetic correlation groat-oil recurrent selection |
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