| 小麦品种(系)抗旱节水指标及调控机理研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张东旭,张俊灵,闫金龙,孙美荣,张树彬.小麦品种(系)抗旱节水指标及调控机理研究[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(10). |
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| 作者姓名： | 张东旭 张俊灵 闫金龙 孙美荣 张树彬 |
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| 作者单位： | 山西省农业科学院谷子研究所,山西长治,046011;山西省农业科学院谷子研究所,山西长治,046011;山西省农业科学院谷子研究所,山西长治,046011;山西省农业科学院谷子研究所,山西长治,046011;山西省农业科学院谷子研究所,山西长治,046011 |
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| 基金项目： | 山西省科技攻关项目，山西省农业科学院重点攻关项目，山西省农业科学院育种工程项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]研究小麦抗旱节水指标及调控机理。方法]对96个不同类型的小麦品种(系)的表型性状、生理性状与抗旱指数、产量-水分高效利用指数进行聚类分析、相关分析、通径分析、多元回归分析,探讨小麦抗旱节水指标及调控机理。结果]在极度干旱年份小麦的株高、穗数和穗粒数下降严重,产量尚不及水地产量的1/4;相关分析发现:干旱条件下小麦的穗数、饱满度、穗粒数、株高和花后21 d的植被指数与抗旱指数极显著相关,干旱条件下小麦的大部分表型性状和花后10 d的冠层-空气温差与产量-水分高效利用指数显著相关;通径分析发现:8个表型性状对小麦抗旱指数的直接贡献大小依次为穗数(1.335)、最高总茎数(|-1.014|)、成穗率(|-0.955|)、株高(0.488)、穗粒数(0.435)、千粒重(0.038)、容重(0.024)、饱满度(0.017),对小麦产量-水分高效利用指数的直接贡献大小依次为穗数(1.945)、最高总茎数(|-1.420|)、成穗率(|-1.398|)、穗粒数(0.481)、株高(0.206)、千粒重(0.204)、容重(0.119)、饱满度(|-0.049|);进而构建了小麦表型性状对小麦抗旱节水性的多元回归方程,得出各种性状之间抗旱节水的数量依存关系和变动的规律。结论]该研究对小麦抗旱节水高产育种具有重要的指导作用和应用价值。
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| 关 键 词： | 小麦 抗旱指数 产量-水分利用指数 表型性状 生理性状 |
Index of Drought-resistant and Water-Saving and Regulation Principle of Wheat Cultivars(Strains) |
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| Abstract: | Objective]To study the index of drought-resistant and water-saving and regulation principle.Method]We used the method of cluster analysis, correlation analysis, path analysis and multiple regression analysis to study 96 different wheat varieties' phenotypic traits, physiological traits and index of drought resistance and yield-water use efficiency index.Result] The plant height, spike number and grains per spike of wheat were significantly decreased in the years of extreme drought, and the yield was less than 1/4 of the water yield.Correlation analysis showed spike number,seed plumpness,grains per spike,plant height and vegetation index(NDVI) at 21 days after flowering significantly correlated with index of drought resistance,most of the phenotypic shape significantly correlated with canopy-air temperature difference at 10 days after flowering and yield-high water use efficiency index.Path analysis showed that the direct contribution of 8 phenotypic traits to index of drought resistance of wheat was spike number per acreage(1.335),population culm number(|-1.014|),percentage of earbearing tiller(|-0.955|),plant height(0.488),grains per spike(0.435),1 000-grain weight(0.038),unit weight(0.024),seed plumpness(0.017),the direct contribution of 8 phenotypic traits to yield-high water use efficiency index was spike number (1.945),population culm number(|-1.420|),percentage of earbearing tiller(|-1.398|),grains per spike(0.481),plant height(0.206),1 000-grain weight(0.204),unit weight(0.119), seed plumpness(|-0.049|).The multiple regression equation was established, and the law of quantity dependency and change was obtained between various traits.Conclusion]The research has important guiding role and application value for breeding drought-resistant,water-saving,high-yield wheat varieties. |
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| Keywords: | Wheat Drought-resistant index Yield-high water use efficiency index Phenotypic traits Physiological traits |
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