Assessing the impact of site-specific spraying on control of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Eurygaster integriceps</Emphasis> (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) damage and natural enemies |
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| Authors: | Roghaiyeh Karimzadeh Mir Jalil Hejazi Hossein Helali Shahzad Iranipour Seyed Abolghasem Mohammadi |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 51666-14888 Tabriz, Iran;(2) Department of Geomatics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran;(3) Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 51666-14776 Tabriz, Iran; |
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| Abstract: | Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton is a key pest of wheat and barley in Iran. In this study, the impact of site-specific spraying on control of sunn pest
damage and densities of the natural enemies was compared with the whole-field spraying method in 2009 and 2010. Three plots
were assigned to each spraying method and two others were left untreated as control. The plots were divided into 11 × 11 m
grids. Adults of E. integriceps were sampled using the distance-walk method. Coccinellids, Chrysoperla carnea and nymphs of sunn pest were sampled using a sweep net. Spatial analysis of datasets was done using Geostatistical Analyst
extension of ArcGIS 9.3. The spatial analysis indicated that the adults and nymphs of E. integriceps had aggregated distribution in space and that site-specific spraying was applicable. Whole-field spraying was carried out
when the mean density of E. integriceps in plots exceeded the economic threshold. In the site-specific spraying method, decamethrin (cyano-3-(phenoxy) phenyl]
methyl] 3-(2,2-dibromoethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate) was applied to the grid cells with densities above
the economic threshold. Site-specific application reduced the insecticide input by ca. 40–50%. The numbers of C. carnea and coccinellids were higher in site-specifically sprayed plots compared with whole-sprayed plots after treatment. The mean
numbers of nymphs were not significantly different (P < 0.01) in whole-field and site-specifically sprayed plots. Percent damaged grain was below the economic damage threshold
in all treated plots. It can be concluded that site-specific spraying has the potential to control E. integriceps at an acceptable level along with reducing the amount of insecticide used. It also conserved natural enemies in untreated
refuges. |
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