| 凡纳滨对虾高位池养殖氮、磷收支研究及养殖效果分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李金亮,陈雪芬,赖秋明,鲁春雨,陈金玲,苏树叶.凡纳滨对虾高位池养殖氮、磷收支研究及养殖效果分析[J].南方水产,2010,6(5):13-20. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李金亮 陈雪芬 赖秋明 鲁春雨 陈金玲 苏树叶 |
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| 作者单位： | 海南大学海洋学院,热带生物资源教育部重点实验室,海南,海口,570228 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 对凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）高位池养殖氮（N）和磷（P）收支情况进行系统研究,比较分析不同放养季节、虾苗品系以及是否进行分段养殖引起养殖效果的差异。结果显示,饲料是最主要的N和P输入源,分别占池塘N和P总输入的91.76%~93.68%和94.55%~96.97%。收获对虾输出N和P分别占总输入的29.46%~40.46%和12.64%~17.41%,随养殖废水排出的N和P分别占24.63%~54.52%和23.03%~59.02%,沉积在池塘底部的N和P分别占14.10%~44.59%和27.59%~62.25%。放养季节和虾苗品系对养殖效果有显著影响。夏季组（ZS）对虾平均生长速度达到0.175g.d-1,分别比秋季组（ZF）和冬季普通组（ZW）高73.0%和139.3%。ZW成活率77.70%~87.75%,显著高于ZS和ZF。与相同养殖季节放养一代苗的ZW相比,放养本地苗的冬季组（BW）养殖成活率62.10%~72.30%,单位面积产量8821~9878kg.hm-2,均显著较低。采用分段养殖的冬季标粗组（ZWb）养成池塘单造使用周期缩短56.13%。
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| 关 键 词： | 凡纳滨对虾 高位池 氮 磷 收支 |
Study on nitrogen and phosphorus budgets and production performance in higher-place pond of Litopenaeus vannamei |
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| LI Jinliang,CHEN Xuefen,LAI Qiuming,LU Chunyu,CHEN Jinling,SU Shuye.Study on nitrogen and phosphorus budgets and production performance in higher-place pond of Litopenaeus vannamei[J].South China Fisheries Science,2010,6(5):13-20. |
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| Authors: | LI Jinliang CHEN Xuefen LAI Qiuming LU Chunyu CHEN Jinling SU Shuye |
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| Institution: | (Key Lab. of Tropical Biological Resources,Ministry of Education,Ocean College of Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China) |
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| Abstract: | Nitrogen and phosphorus budgets in the higher-place ponds of Litopenaeus vannamei were studied systematically to investigate the effects of stocking seasons,shrimp larvae strains and grading culture on shrimp production.Results indicate that feed is the main source of nitrogen and phosphorus inputs,accounting for 91.76%~93.68% and 94.55%~96.97% of total inputs,respectively,while 29.46%~40.46% of total nitrogen and 12.64%~17.41% of total phosphorus were deposited into harvested shrimp;24.63%~54.52% of total nitrogen and 23.03%~59.02% of total phosphorous were discharged into effluent;14.10%~44.59% of total nitrogen and 27.59%~62.25% of total phosphorous were accumulated in pond sediment.Shrimp production is significantly affected by different stocking seasons and shrimp larvae strains.The average growth rate of trial ZS in summer reaches 0.175 g·d-1,which is 73.0% and 139.3% higher than that of trial ZF in fall and trial ZW in winter,respectively.The survival of ZW is 77.70%~87.75%,which is significantly higher than that of ZS and ZF.Compared with ZW stocked at the same season,the survival of trial BW is 62.10%~72.30% with yield per unit area of 8 821~9 878 kg·hm-2,which are both significantly low.Trial ZWb of grading cultured shortens the culture cycle by 56.13%. |
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| Keywords: | Litopenaeus vannamei higher-place pond nitrogen phosphorus budget |
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