| 我国有机污染场地现状分析及展望 |
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| 引用本文： | 葛锋,张转霞,扶恒,唐诗月,徐坷坷,宋昕,王晴,骆永明.我国有机污染场地现状分析及展望[J].土壤,2021,53(6):1132-1141. |
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| 作者姓名： | 葛锋 张转霞 扶恒 唐诗月 徐坷坷 宋昕 王晴 骆永明 |
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| 作者单位： | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所, 南京 210042;中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所), 南京 210008;中国科学院大学, 北京 101408;南京康地环保科技有限公司, 南京 210006 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2019YFC1805700）、中国科学院南京土壤研究所“135”计划和前沿项目（ISSASIP1657）和江苏省重点研发计划项目（BE2019624）资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 以有机污染场地为研究对象，调查分析了全国277个有机污染场地的行业类别、污染类型以及有机污染物种类分布情况，发现主要贡献行业为化学原料及化学品制造行业，贡献率为37.9%；污染类型中以各类有机污染物复合污染为主；除了不同有机污染物之间的相互复合，有机污染物与重金属复合污染特征明显，占总场地58.5%。有机污染物种类分布中多环芳烃类污染场地最多，占54.9%，与欧美有机污染场地中氯代烃类污染场地占比最多不同；其次为总石油烃和苯系物，占比分别为49.5%和36.8%。全国典型地理区域的有机污染特征和污染物超筛选值结果表明，总体上南方有机污染场地数目多于北方，东部经济发达地区场地数目明显多于经济发展中地区，西南和中南地区有机污染与重金属复合污染特征明显。各区域内污染物种类分布与行业相关性强，如多环芳烃污染多在各地区焦化厂场地中出现，总石油烃与重金属复合污染出现在机械制造和金属冶炼行业场地；氯代烃类污染物出现在氯碱生产相关场地；多氯联苯、多溴联苯醚、二噁英等污染出现在电子废弃物拆解集中区。通过对全国有机污染场地的分析和各地区污染特征的讨论，以期为开展污染场地环境调查与修复提供一定的参考，并为污染场地的监督与管理等工作提供依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 有机污染场地 复合污染 区域污染特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/11/14 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/3/11 0:00:00 |
Distribution of Organic Contaminated Sites in China: Statu Quo and Prospect |
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| GE Feng,ZHANG Zhuanxi,FU Heng,TANG Shiyue,XU Keke,SONG Xin,WANG Qing,LUO Yongming.Distribution of Organic Contaminated Sites in China: Statu Quo and Prospect[J].Soils,2021,53(6):1132-1141. |
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| Authors: | GE Feng ZHANG Zhuanxi FU Heng TANG Shiyue XU Keke SONG Xin WANG Qing LUO Yongming |
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| Institution: | Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, MEE, Nanjing 210042, China;Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China;Nanjing Kangdi Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210006, China |
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| Abstract: | In this paper, 277 contaminated sites with organic contaminants in China were analyzed based on their contaminants of concern, industry and regional distribution. It was found that the industry that contributed the most was the chemical industry, with a contribution rate of 37.9%. Among all sites with mixed contaminants, heavy metals were the most encountered co-contaminants, accounting for 58.5%. Compared with the dominating contaminants of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons in Europe and USA, our analysis showed that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was the most predominating contaminant of concern in China, accounting for 54.9% of all 277 sites. Total petroleum hydrocarbons and BTEX, accounted for 49.5% and 36.8%, respectively, were ranked the second and third organic contaminants that were encountered. The analysis on the regional distribution showed that the contamination in the south was more severe than that in the north, and the number of contaminated sites was more significant in the well-developed areas in the east region than that in the west. In particular, it was found that the contamination of organics co-mingled with heavy metals were commonly encountered in the southwest and central south regions. Furthermore, the analysis results showed that the typical contaminants of concern were closely related to the industries. Specifically, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were most commonly found in the coking industry, total petroleum hydrocarbons in the machinery manufacturing industry, chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons in the chlorine-alkali manufacturing industry, and polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers and dioxins in the electronic waste recycling industry. The results of this study can provide valuable references for the contamination investigation, as well as insight for the management of contaminated sites. |
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| Keywords: | Organic contaminated sites Combined contamination Regional contamination character |
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