| 旱作区春玉米秸秆还田方式对土壤微生物量碳氮磷及酶活性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘子刚,卢海博,赵海超,王炯琪,和江鹏,王雨晴,黄智鸿,赵海香,魏 东.旱作区春玉米秸秆还田方式对土壤微生物量碳氮磷及酶活性的影响[J].西北农业学报,2022(2):183-192. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘子刚 卢海博 赵海超 王炯琪 和江鹏 王雨晴 黄智鸿 赵海香 魏 东 |
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| 作者单位： | （河北北方学院，河北省农产品食品质量安全分析检测重点实验室，河北张家口 075000） |
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| 基金项目： | 河北省教育厅重大项目(ZD2019097); 河北省现代农业产业技术体系(玉米体系岗位专家)(HBCT2018020203); 河北省科技厅项目(18226334D)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 秸秆还田是培肥地力、促进秸秆资源化利用和减少污染的重要途径。探讨冀西北旱作春玉米不同秸秆还田方式对土壤微生物及酶活性的影响，为优化旱作区春玉米秸秆还田方式提供理论依据。设置秸秆还田大垄轮播（JL）、秸秆还田翻耕（JF）、秸秆还田旋耕（JX）3种方式，分析土壤微生物量碳、氮、磷（MBC、N、P）含量和蔗糖酶（SUC）、脲酶（URE）活性的时空变化。结果表明，秸秆还田能够提高土壤MBC、MBN、MBP含量和SUC、URE活性，JL处理提高幅度显著（P＜0.05）高于JF和JX，JF有利于提高20~60 cm土层增幅。土壤微生物量和酶活性随着土壤深度的增加均显著（P＜0.05）呈下降趋势。随着玉米生育期的延长，MBC和SUC呈先升后降趋势，MBN和URE呈波动式上升趋势，MBP呈先降后升趋势。随着土壤容重和pH的增加土壤微生物量和酶活性呈下降趋势，随着土壤总有机碳（SOC）含量的增加MBC含量呈下降趋势，随着土壤微生物量和酶活性提高玉米产量呈增加趋势。玉米生殖生长期显著（P＜0.05）增加MBC、MBP含量，玉米衰亡期显著（P＜0.05）增加MBN含量。综上所述，冀西北旱作区春玉米最优的秸秆还田方式为秸秆还田大垄轮播方式。
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| 关 键 词： | 秸秆还田方式 旱作区 微生物生物量 酶活性 春玉米 |
Effects of Methods for Spring Maize Straw-returning to Field on Soil Microbial Biomass C,N,P and Enzyme Activities in Dry Farming Area |
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| LIU Zigang,LU Haibo,ZHAO Haichao,WANG Jiongqi,HE Jiangpeng,WANG Yuqing,HUANG Zhihong,ZHAO Haixiang and WEI Dong.Effects of Methods for Spring Maize Straw-returning to Field on Soil Microbial Biomass C,N,P and Enzyme Activities in Dry Farming Area[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2022(2):183-192. |
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| Authors: | LIU Zigang LU Haibo ZHAO Haichao WANG Jiongqi HE Jiangpeng WANG Yuqing HUANG Zhihong ZHAO Haixiang and WEI Dong |
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| Abstract: | Straw-returning to field is an important way to improve soil fertility,promote the utilization of straw resources and reduce pollution.The effects of different straw-returning methods on soil microbial and enzyme activities were discussed to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the spring maize straw-returning methods in dry farming area in Northwest Hebei.In this study,the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus(MBC,N,P) and the activities of sucrase(SUC) and urease(URE) were analyzed by three straw- returning methods of large ridge rotation(JL),straw-returning ploughing(JF) and straw-returning rotary tillage(JX).The results showed that all the three straw-returning methods could increase the contents of MBC,MBN and MBP,and the activities of SUC and URE in soil,but the contents of MBC,MBN and MBP,the activities of SUC and URE of JL treatment(P<0.05) were significantly higher than that of JF and JX.The depth of soil layer increased by 20-60 cm under JF treatment,and with the increase of soil depth,soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity decreased significantly(P<0.05).With the extension of maize growth period,MBC and SUC showed a rising trend first and then falling trend,MBN and URE showed a trend of fluctuating rise,and MBP showed a falling trend first and then rising trend.With the increase of soil bulk density and pH,soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity showed falling trend.With the increase of SOC in soil,the contents of MBC showed a falling trend .With the increase of microbial biomass and enzyme activity,the yield of maize showed a rising trend.At reproductive growth stage of maize,the content of MBC and MBP increased significantly(P<0.05),and at its decline stage,MBN increased significantly(P<0.05).To sum up,the method of large ridge rotation is the optimal among three spring maize straw-returning methods in farming area of Northwest Hebei. |
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| Keywords: | Straw-returning methods Dry farming area Microbial biomass Enzyme activity Spring maize |
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