| 2007~2008年国际反刍动物营养研究进展
Ⅰ.瘤胃微生物多样性和功能 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘开朗,王加启,卜登攀,李旦,于萍,赵圣国,奚晓琦.2007~2008年国际反刍动物营养研究进展
Ⅰ.瘤胃微生物多样性和功能[J].中国畜牧兽医,2009,36(1):5-11. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘开朗 王加启 卜登攀 李旦 于萍 赵圣国 奚晓琦 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 动物营养学国家重点实验室， 北京 100193 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家奶业科技支撑计划，动物营养学国家重点实验室自主研究课题 |
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| 摘 要： | 随着试验生物学和生物信息学的快速发展，对瘤胃微生物的多样性和功能开展了系统的研究。笔者综述了2007～2008年在CNKI、ADSA ASAS大会和PubMed等数据库中与瘤胃微生物分子多态性和元基因组学相关的32篇文献。瘤胃微生物群落在“属”分类水平上多样性水平较低，在亚种或菌株水平上表现出极大的多样性，多样性指数估计表明，瘤胃内细菌种类约为900多种，而菌株类型（独特序列型）约为97000种。瘤胃微生物群落结构受到宿主遗传背景、生长发育阶段、日粮、环境条件等多种因素的影响。瘤胃微生物组中蕴藏了大量具有应用潜力的遗传资源，这些结果为准确了解瘤胃微生物群落结构、功能及其调控方式提供了重要的基础。
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| 关 键 词： | 瘤胃微生物群落 多样性 分子生态学 元基因组学 |
Annual Review of Ruminant Nutrition in 2007～2008Ⅰ. Diversity and Functionality of Rumen Microflora |
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| LIU Kai-lang,WANG Jia-qi,BU Deng-pan,LI Dan,YU Ping,ZHAO Sheng-guo,XI Xiao-qi.Annual Review of Ruminant Nutrition in 2007～2008Ⅰ. Diversity and Functionality of Rumen Microflora[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2009,36(1):5-11. |
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| Authors: | LIU Kai-lang WANG Jia-qi BU Deng-pan LI Dan YU Ping ZHAO Sheng-guo XI Xiao-qi |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193, China |
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| Abstract: | The rumen was inhabited by numerous microbes,which form a complex microbial community that deeply affects ruminant physiology.This microbiota is dominated by relatively few divisions that are highly diverse at the strain/subspecies level,which together with its collective genomes (microbiome) provide us with genetic and metabolic attributes the ruminant have not been required.New studies taking advantage of molecular microecological and metagenomic are revealing how the rumen microbiota has coevolved with us and how it manipulates and complements our biology in ways that are mutually beneficial.However,how certain keystone members of the microbiota operate to maintain the stability and functional adaptability of this microbial organ still need to be answered,which necessitate the combination of high throughput methods and multivariable analysis. |
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| Keywords: | rumen microflora diversity molecular ecology metagenomics |
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