| W-OH固化剂对玉米生长及土壤养分淋失的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张冠华,孙金伟,牛 俊,朱秀迪,谢 浩,孙宇婷.W-OH固化剂对玉米生长及土壤养分淋失的影响[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(5):247-252. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张冠华 孙金伟 牛 俊 朱秀迪 谢 浩 孙宇婷 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 长江科学院水土保持研究所,武汉,430010;2. 水利部山洪地质灾害防治工程技术研究中心,武汉,430010 |
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| 基金项目： | 水利部技术示范项目(SF201601)，中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费重点项目(CKSF2017050/TB;CKSF2017028/TB)，国家自然科学基金项目(41301298) |
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| 摘 要： | 采用盆栽试验,研究了不同W-OH喷施浓度(1%,3%,5%)对玉米生长及土壤养分淋失的影响。结果表明:与对照(不喷施W-OH)相比,喷施W-OH对玉米生长有促进作用,且这种作用自玉米生长中期逐渐明显。试验条件下,低、中浓度W-OH(1%和3%)更有利于玉米生长;盆栽3个月后,与对照相比,低、中浓度处理下玉米株高分别增加16%和35%,净光合速率分别增加3%和17%,气孔导度分别增加34%和79%,蒸腾速率分别为对照的2倍和3倍。降雨量对W-OH的保水作用影响不同,小雨和中雨下,3%浓度处理的渗流量最低,保水效果最显著;降雨量达到大雨及以上时,W-OH的保水作用与其喷施浓度成正比。在玉米生长初期W-OH的保肥作用与其喷施浓度成正比,随着后续降雨渗流反复淋溶,其保肥作用趋于稳定;3%和5%浓度的W-OH均能有效减少观测期的土壤养分淋失量,且以硝态氮降幅最大。研究结果为土壤固化剂在坡耕地中的应用提供理论指导。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤固化剂W-OH 作物生长 养分淋失 壤中流 紫色土 |
Effects of W-OH Stabilizer on Maize Growth and Soil Nutrient Leaching |
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| ZHANG Guanhua,SUN Jinwei,NIU Jun,ZHU Xiudi,XIE Hao,SUN Yuting.Effects of W-OH Stabilizer on Maize Growth and Soil Nutrient Leaching[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,31(5):247-252. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Guanhua SUN Jinwei NIU Jun ZHU Xiudi XIE Hao SUN Yuting |
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| Institution: | 1.Soil and Water Conservation Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010;2.Research Center on Mountain Torrent & Geologic Disaster Prevention of Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan, 430010 |
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| Abstract: | A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different W-OH concentration (1％,3 ％ and 5％) on the maize growth and soil nutrient leaching.The results showed that W-OH could effectively promote maize growth and the effect became gradually obvious since the middle stage of maize growth.Under the current experimental conditions,the light and moderate W-OH concentrations (1％ and 3 ％) were more beneficial to maize growth.After potting 3 months,compared with CK (without W-OH),under the light and moderate W-OH treatments,the maize height increased by 16％ and 35％,the net photosynthetic rate increased by 3％ and 17％,the stomatal conductance increased by 34％ and 79％,and the transpiration rate increased 2 and 3 times,respectively.The precipitation had a different influence on water retention of W-OH.For light and moderate rainfall,3 ％ treatment had the lowest leakage,showing the most significant water retention effect.For heavy rainfall and rainstorm,the water retention effect of W-OH was positive related to its spraying concentration.The fertilizer retention effect of W-OH was positive related to its spraying concentration at the initial stage of maize growth and tended to be stable with subsequent rainfall leaching.During the observation period,both 3 ％ and 5 ％ treatments effectively reduced the total nutrients leaching loss,especially for nitrate nitrogen.The findings can provide scientific guidance for application of soil stabilizer in slope land. |
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| Keywords: | W-OH soil stabilizer crop growth nutrient leaching interflow purple soil |
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