| 东北高寒区沼渣连年施用对玉米产量、效益和土壤肥力的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 肖 洋,李 丽,田 里,黃雅曦,路运才,徐利剑,孟 凯,刘再奇,隽 壮.东北高寒区沼渣连年施用对玉米产量、效益和土壤肥力的影响[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(2):262-266. |
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| 作者姓名： | 肖 洋 李 丽 田 里 黃雅曦 路运才 徐利剑 孟 凯 刘再奇 隽 壮 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 黑龙江大学农业资源与环境学院/农业资源利用与环境安全重点实验室,哈尔滨,150080;2. 黑龙江省海林农场,黑龙江海林,157126 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目“三江平原规模化农业循环技术集成与示范”(2012BAD14B06) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了阐明在东北高寒区连年施用沼渣对玉米产量、效益和土壤肥力的影响,于2013年5月至2014年10月在黑龙江省海林市海林农场的玉米试验田进行了沼渣和化肥配施的田间试验。结果表明:连续2年的施用沼渣以及沼渣与化肥配施均能够增加玉米产量,而施用45 000kg/hm~2的沼渣增产幅度最大,全量施用600kg/hm~2化肥的玉米产量小幅减少。施用1t沼渣可替代135.25kg尿素、180.18kg磷酸二铵和107.09kg硫酸钾,产生956.72元的直接经济效益。施用沼渣的各处理与不施肥处理相比,经济效益均显著增加,7 500kg/hm~2沼渣+450kg/hm~2化肥的处理经济效益最高,平均可达到18 066.2元/hm~2。沼渣单施及沼渣与化肥配施后表层土壤pH可提高0.02~0.28个单位,有机质可增加0.14~2.84g/kg,可在一定程度上增加表层土壤中养分的含量。因此,在东北高寒区实际生产中可以考虑合理的配施沼渣替代化肥,实现对沼渣的高效化和经济化的利用。
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| 关 键 词： | 沼渣 玉米 土壤肥力 效益 产量 |
Effects of Consecutive Biogas Residue Application on Maize Production, Benefit and Soil Fertility in the Cold High-latitude Area of Northeast China |
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| XIAO Yang,LI Li,TIAN Li,HUANG Yaxi,LU Yuncai,XU Lijian,MENG Kai,LIU Zaiqi,JUAN Zhuang.Effects of Consecutive Biogas Residue Application on Maize Production, Benefit and Soil Fertility in the Cold High-latitude Area of Northeast China[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,31(2):262-266. |
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| Authors: | XIAO Yang LI Li TIAN Li HUANG Yaxi LU Yuncai XU Lijian MENG Kai LIU Zaiqi JUAN Zhuang |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Agricultural Resources and Environment/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Utilization and Environmental Security, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080;2.Hailin Farm of Heilongjiang, Hailin, Heilongjiang 157126 |
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| Abstract: | To clarify the effective mechanism of applying biogas residue on the yield,benefit and soil fertility of maize for two consecutive years,we conducted a field experiment in the Hailin farm,Hailin City,Heilongjiang Province.From May 2013 to October 2014,treatments of the single biogas residues,the mixtures of biogas residues and chemical fertilizers,full dose of chemical fertilizers were applied to the test field of maize.The results showed that both applications of the biogas residues and the mixtures of biogas residues and chemical fertilizers for two consecutive years could increase the yield of maize.More specifically,the application of biogas residues at 45 000 kilogram per hectare increased the yield of maize the most significantly.However,the full dose of chemical fertilizer application at 600 kilogram per hectare slightly decreased the yield of maize.The application of biogas residue at one ton could substitute 135.25 kilogram carbamide,180.18 kilogram diammonium phosphate,and 107.09 kilogram potassium sulfate.As a result,it generated a direct economic benefit of 956.72 yuan.Application of biogas residues achieved significantly more economic benefits compared with the control.Application of the mixtures of biogas residues at 7 500 kilogram per hectare and chemical fertilizers at 450 kilogram per hectare exhibited the highest economic benefits,and its average economic benefit was 18 066.2 yuan per hectare.The pH values could be increased by 0.02 to 0.28 units and the organic matter could be increased by 0.14 to 2.84 g/kg in the surface layer of soil after the single application of biogas residue,and the mixed application of biogas residues and chemical fertilizers.Nutrient contents of the surface layer of soil were also increased to some degree.Therefore,the reasonable application of biogas residues in the practical production may replace the application of chemical fertilizers to realize the efficient and economic utilization of the biogas residue in the cold high-latitude area of Northeast China. |
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| Keywords: | biogas residue maize soil fertility benefit yield |
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