| 陕北黄土洼聚湫类型划分与侵蚀产沙模拟研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 贺燕子,岳大鹏,达 兴,程金文,张君茹.陕北黄土洼聚湫类型划分与侵蚀产沙模拟研究[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(2):87-91. |
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| 作者姓名： | 贺燕子 岳大鹏 达 兴 程金文 张君茹 |
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| 作者单位： | 陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,西安,710119 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41071012)，陕西省水土流失补偿费资助项目:陕西省能源开发水土保持监测技术研究及信息系统建设 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了揭示泥沙沉积与降水的关系,重建淤地坝水成黄土的沉积环境,选择陕北黄土洼的天然聚湫为研究对象,通过野外多次多点位打钻采样和样品测定,利用近60年降雨数据与剖面粒度的对比分析和数学模拟等方法,划分了黄土洼聚湫类型,建立了标准聚湫侵蚀产沙模型。结果表明:(1)将黄土洼的侵蚀性雨量标准定为9.2mm能更好地反映黄土洼的土壤侵蚀状况;(2)依据降雨数据,黄土洼年均最大日降雨量52.7mm以下的降雨总量占88.1%,利用52.7mm以下降雨量产生的泥沙分布范围,可以确定"非标准聚湫"的范围;(3)通过对库容曲线的模拟将1 058.03m定为零库容高程点,并基于黄土洼的分形维数对岔巴沟流域建立的次降雨侵蚀输沙模型进行了修订,建立了适用于本地区的侵蚀产沙模型;(4)对各剖面沉积物粒度旋回规律进行对比分析,并结合模型计算数据,确定了黄土洼"标准聚湫"在近坝地剖面点附近,坝地至沟口附近之间为"非标准聚湫",沿沟至沟头以上均为"非聚湫"沉积区。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄土洼 聚湫类型 侵蚀性雨量标准 侵蚀产沙模拟 剖面粒度对比 |
The Delineate of Natural Dam Type and Erosive Sediment Simulation in Huangtuwa, Northern Shaanxi |
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| HE Yanzi,YUE Dapeng,DA Xing,CHENG Jinwen,ZHANG Junru.The Delineate of Natural Dam Type and Erosive Sediment Simulation in Huangtuwa, Northern Shaanxi[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,31(2):87-91. |
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| Authors: | HE Yanzi YUE Dapeng DA Xing CHENG Jinwen ZHANG Junru |
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| Abstract: | In order to reveal the relationship between sediment deposition and precipitation and reconstruct the depositional environment of redeposit loess,the natural dam on the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi was chosen as the object of the study.By sampling soil cores at different sites repeatedly and sample measurement,we classified natural dam types and established the erosive sediment model of the standard natural dam in Huangtuwa by means of contrast analysis of 60-year's rainfall data,grain size,and mathematical modeling,etc.The results are as follows:(1) Soil erosion in Huangtuwa could be better reflected when the erosive rainfall standard was set at 9.2 mm.(2) Based on the rainfall data,88.1％ of the annual precipitation in Huangtuwa occurred when the average daily maximum rainfall was less than 52.7 mm,therefore,the area of "non-natural" could be determined using the sediment area resulted from a rainfall less than 52.7 mm.(3) A suitable model for Huangtuwa was established by simulating the capacity curve and setting the elevation point of the vacant capacity at 1 058.03 m,and amending the individual rainfall watershed erosion sediment transport model of Chabagou based on the fractal dimension of Huangtuwa.(4) By contrast analysis of the sediment particle size cycle law of different profiles in combination with data calculated by the model,it could be determined that the "natural dam" was closed to the dam,the "non-natural dam" was between the dam and gully,while the "non-dam" was between the gully bed and the gully head. |
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| Keywords: | Huangtuwa natural dam type erosive rainfall standard erosive sediment simulation grain size contrast of profiles |
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