Comparative efficacy of NeemAzal and local botanicals derived from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Azadirachta indica</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Plectranthus glandulosus</Emphasis> against <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sitophilus zeamais</Emphasis> on maize |
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| Authors: | E N Nukenine H K Tofel C Adler |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Biological Sciences,University of Ngaoundere,Ngaoundere,Cameroon;2.Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants—Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Ecological Chemistry,Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection,Berlin,Germany |
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| Abstract: | The efficacy of NeemAzal powder, two local neem (Azadirachta indica
) products neem seed powder (NSP) and neem seed oil (NSO)], as well as a local Lamiaceae, Plectranthus glandulosus leaf powder, applied at four different rates for the control of Sitophilus zeamais was determined. Mortality was recorded 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after S. zeamais infestation, followed by the determination of F1 progeny production. Grain damage, population increase and grain germination were assessed for treated grains that were stored
for 4 months. Grains treated with P. glandulosus powder and NSP had relatively low mortality (5.0–22.5%) after 3 days whereas NeemAzal and NSO had higher mortality (55.0–98.8%).
Maximum mortality of 99, 100, 96 and 74% were achieved for NeemAzal (12 g/kg after 14 days), NSO (4 ml/kg after 7 days), NSP
(40 g/kg after 14 days) and P. glandulosus powder (40 g/kg, after 14 days), respectively. In the same order, 7-day LC50 values were 0.02 g/kg, 1.46 ml/kg, 12.44 g/kg and 28.9 g/kg. The three neem products greatly reduced progeny emergence, while
P. glandulosus powder was less effective. NeemAzal protected the grains against S. zeamais damage better than the local neem products, which in turn provided far better grain protection against the weevil damage
than P. glandulosus powder. NeemAzal was superior to the local neem products in grain protection against germination loss, with P. glandulosus being the least effective. NeemAzal and NSO had sufficient efficacy to be a component of an integrated management package
for S. zeamais. |
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