| 不同施肥水平下青蒿氮、磷、钾养分吸收特性 |
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| 引用本文： | 崔广林,李隆云.不同施肥水平下青蒿氮、磷、钾养分吸收特性[J].热带作物学报,2018,39(11):2118-2125. |
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| 作者姓名： | 崔广林 李隆云 |
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| 作者单位： | 1重庆市中药研究院
2重庆市中药良种选育与评价工程技术研究中心
3中国中医科学院中药资源中心重庆分中心，重庆 400065 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过大田试验研究不同施肥水平下青蒿氮、磷、钾的吸收、累积与分配规律。选用当地主栽青蒿品种渝青 1 号为材料，设置高肥、中肥和低肥 3 个施肥水平。于苗期、分枝初期、分枝盛期及蕾期采集植株样本，分为根、茎、 枝和叶 4 部分，测定氮、磷、钾含量，计算青蒿主要生育期植株养分吸收、累积和分配情况。结果表明：青蒿对钾肥 的需求量最多，氮肥次之，磷肥最少。高肥和中肥处理整个生育期氮在不同器官中的含量为叶>枝>根>茎。低肥处理整 个生育期氮在不同器官中的含量为叶>枝>茎>根。高肥、中肥和低肥 3 个处理整个生育期磷在不同器官中的含量均为叶 >枝>茎>根。苗期和蕾期生长阶段高肥、中肥和低肥 3 个处理钾在不同器官中的含量均为叶>枝>茎>根，分枝初期和分 枝盛期生长阶段 3 个施肥处理钾在不同器官中的含量均为枝>叶>茎>根。不同施肥处理对养分积累趋势影响不大，但可 显著影响各器官在不同生育时期的养分积累量及分配比例。养分累积吸收量在生育前期较少，生育中后期急剧增加。 养分累积量以钾最多，氮次之，磷最少。青蒿中氮磷钾的吸收、累积与分配规律在不同施肥水平下存在差异，生产中 应根据土壤肥力和产量目标，采取合理施肥措施，达到经济施肥的目的。
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| 关 键 词： | 青蒿 施肥 吸收 累积 分配 |
Absorption Characteristics of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Nutrients in Artemisia annua under Different Fertilization Levels |
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| CUI Guanglin,LI Longyun.Absorption Characteristics of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Nutrients in Artemisia annua under Different Fertilization Levels[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2018,39(11):2118-2125. |
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| Authors: | CUI Guanglin LI Longyun |
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| Institution: | 1Chongqing Academy of Chinese Medicine /
2Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Fine Chinese Medicine Variety Breeding and Evaluation
3Chongqing Sub-center, Resource Center for Chinese Medicine, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Chongqing 400065, China |
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| Abstract: | A field experiment was conducted to study the patterns of the absorption, accumulation and distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in Artemisia annua under different fertilization levels. The main local variety, Yuqing 1, was used as the material, and three fertilization levels were set, including high-fertilization, medium-fertilization and low-fertilization. Plant samples were collected at seedling stage, early branching stage, branching stage and bud stage. The roots, stems, branches and leaves were used to determine the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and to calculate the absorption, accumulation and distribution of plant nutrients at major growth stages. The demand for potassium was the highest, followed by nitrogen and phosphate. For high-fertilization treatment and medium-fertilization treatment, the content order of nitrogen in different organs during the whole growth period was leaf > branch > root > stem; while it was leaf > branch > stem > root for low-fertilization treatment. The content order of phosphorus in different organs during the whole growth period was all leaf > branch > stem > root for high-fertilization, medium-fertilization and low-fertilization treatment. At seeding stage and bud stage, the content order of potassium in different organs for the three fertilization treatments was all leaf > branch > stem > root; while it was all branch > leaf > stem > root at early branching stage and branching stage. In summary, different fertilization treatments had little effect
on the nutrient accumulation trend, but could significantly influence the accumulation and distribution ratio of each organ at different growth stages. The nutrient accumulation was less at early growth stages, and increased sharply at middle and late stages. The accumulation of potassium was the highest, followed by nitrogen and phosphorus. Therewere differences on the patterns of the absorption, accumulation and distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassiumin Artemisia annua under different fertilization levels. Reasonable fertilization measures should be taken to achieveeconomic fertilization in actual production based on soil fertility and yield targets. |
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| Keywords: | Artemisia annua fertilization absorption accumulation distribution |
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