| 尿素配施有机物对水稻生长和吸收氮素的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 卢仁骏,黄志武.尿素配施有机物对水稻生长和吸收氮素的影响[J].华南农业大学学报,1992,13(4):26-31. |
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| 作者姓名： | 卢仁骏 黄志武 |
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| 作者单位： | 华南农业大学作物营养与施肥研究室
(卢仁骏)，华南农业大学作物营养与施肥研究室(黄志武) |
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| 摘 要： | 以~(16)N标记尿素配施不同有机物(木质素,纤维素,淀粉,稻秆),沤田一个月后盆栽水稻,研究其对水稻生长和吸收氨素的影响。 结果表明:1.配施木质素,对水稻生长(穗数、谷、秆重)无不良影响,C/N不同,差异不大;配施碳水化合物(纤维素、淀粉)和稻秆均对水稻生长有抑制作用,C/N相同,则淀粉抑制作用大于纤维素,纤维素中则C/N大的比C/N小的抑制作用大,稻秆的抑制作用与纤维系C/N相同的接近.2.单施尿素的氮利用率(水稻地上都)为49.9％,配施木质素处理的尿素氮利用率与之无差异,配施其他有机物均降低了尿素氮利用率,以稻秆C/N=25∶1影响最大,只有26.8％,顺序为稻秆C/N=25∶1>纤维索C/N=25∶1、淀粉C/N=10 ∶1>纤维素C/N=10∶1.3。单施尿素在土壤中氮残留率为26.2％,配施木质素的残留率与之无差异,配施其他有机物的都增加残留率,尤以稻秆最高,达58.8％;配施有机物有减少尿素氮损失的趋势。4.施肥处理均大大增加水稻对土壤氮吸收,单施尿素水稻(地上(?))吸收土壤氮437.3mg/盆,占全氨59.5％.与配施木质素差别不大,配施稻秆C/N=25∶1吸收量之相近,但占全氮比率却达72.3％,配施纤维素、淀粉均减少了对土壤氨的吸收,而占全氮比率则略有提高。
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| 关 键 词： | 水稻 尿素 淀粉 纤维素 木质素 |
EFFECTS OF UREA APPLIED WITH ORGANIC MATERIALS ON RICE GROWTH AND ABSORPTION OF NITROGEN |
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| Lu Renjun Huang Zhiwu.EFFECTS OF UREA APPLIED WITH ORGANIC MATERIALS ON RICE GROWTH AND ABSORPTION OF NITROGEN[J].Journal of South China Agricultural University,1992,13(4):26-31. |
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| Authors: | Lu Renjun Huang Zhiwu |
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| Institution: | Laboratory of crop Nutrition and Fertilization |
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| Abstract: | The influence of labeled 15N urea applied respectively with different kinds of organic materials (lignin,cellulose ,starch and rice straw ) on rice growth and nitrogen uptake by rice was studied in a rice pot experiment with soil pre-flooded for 30 days.When urea was applied,1.with lignin,no undesirable rice growth (spike number,straw or panicle dry weight) was observed and the response of rice was not related to the C/N ratios of mixtures) 2.with carbobydrates (cellulose,starch) and rice straw,the retarding effects on rice growth were indeed.Under same C/N ratio conditions,as for these retarding effects,the performance of rice straw was similar to that of cellulose) but the starch presented stronger one than cellulose did although the effects of cellulose plus urea in high C/N ratio were bigger than those in lower C/N ratio.When urea was applied alone,its nitrogen recovered by rice plants or residual in soils were respectively observed as 49.9%or 26.22%.These values were not correspondingly much different with those obtained by mixation of urea and lignin.The addition of other organic materials ,however,would enable urea-N to obtain incerase of its residual in soils and decrease of its recovery by rice plants or losses (except CcN-10:1) although the mixation of rice straw presented the highest urea-N residual (58.8%) in soils,or the lowest value of its recovery (26.8%) and losses (14.4%).In addition,the comparison of organic materials resulted in undesirable urea-N recovery by rice plants was observed as rice straw (C/N ratio 25)>cellulose (C/N ratio 25),starcn (C/N ratio 10)>cellulose (C/N ratio 10).Application of all fertilizers would increase soil-N uptake by rice.When urea was applied alone,437.3mg/pot of soil-N (as 59.5%of total N in rice plants) was absorbed by rice.This value was not significently diferent with those in the treatment of urea plus lignin ,as well as in the urea plus rice straw treatment though its soil-N uptake reached 72.3% of total N in rice plants.Nevertheless,mixation of cellulose or starch would reduce soil-N uptake by rice and increase its proportion of total N in rice plants a little. |
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| Keywords: | Rice Urea Starch Cellulose Lignin 16N |
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