| 马尾松二代种子园无性系开花物候观测 |
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| 引用本文： | 唐效蓉,李宇珂,夏合新,曾令文,伍新云,张翼,王晓锋,唐黎,周国瑾.马尾松二代种子园无性系开花物候观测[J].林业科学研究,2016,29(3):436-441. |
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| 作者姓名： | 唐效蓉 李宇珂 夏合新 曾令文 伍新云 张翼 王晓锋 唐黎 周国瑾 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南省林业科学院, 湖南 长沙 410004;北京漫天下风采传媒文化有限公司, 北京 100029;湖南省林业科学院, 湖南 长沙 410004;城步苗族自治县云马国有林场, 湖南 城步 422500;桂阳县林业局, 湖南 桂阳 4244002;湖南省林业科学院, 湖南 长沙 410004;句容市林业科技推广中心, 江苏 句容 212400;桂阳县林业局, 湖南 桂阳 4244002;城步苗族自治县云马国有林场, 湖南 城步 422500 |
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| 基金项目： | 十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题"南方针叶树种高世代育种技术研究与示范"(2012BAD01B02);国家林木种质资源平台(2013DKA210003-02-13) |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]在用材林高世代种子园建园材料选择时,最初重点考虑的是其速生性,而对优树的开花物候关注较少。在高世代种子园营建时,无性系的配置常根据其种源在大范围内考虑其开花物候的遗传因素,但即使是小范围内相同种源的无性系,其开花物候也不可能绝对同步。因此,了解种子园无性系的开花物候,可为种子园的集约经营、产量预测、种子遗传品质调控等提供依据。方法]于2012—2013年,在桂阳县苗圃马尾松二代种子园Ⅰ大区、Ⅴ大区分别随机选取不同类型的无性系10个和25个,对其开花物候进行观测。结果]表明:不同无性系的雌、雄球花花期起止日期和持续时间均有差异,但无性系间雌、雄球花花期值差异均未达显著水平,35个无性系总体雌、雄球花花期具有一定的同步性;35个无性系雌、雄球花的初花期基本同步,雌、雄球花的盛花期和末花期同步。株间花期差异相对于无性间要大,但雄球花花期较早的植株,其雌球花花期也较早,同一株建园亲本的雌、雄球花花期有一定的同步性。除雌球花的末花期与雄球花的初花期呈微弱负相关外,雌、雄球花的初花期、盛花期、末花期间均呈极显著或显著正相关。各花期的相关性呈现初花期和盛花期的相关盛花期和末花期的相关初花期和末花期的相关,雌球花初花期与雄球花初花期的相关系数最大。坡位对母树的花期有极显著影响,生长在不同坡位的植株,其雌、雄球花花期值差异明显,其大小均为上坡中坡下坡。坡位对花期影响最大的是雌球花的初花期,其次是雄球花的初花期、雌球花的盛花期、雄球花的盛花期,而对雌、雄球花的末花期影响最小。偏北产地无性系的花期相对较早,不同的无性系类型,其雄球花的盛花期和雌球花的初花期的差异显著;雄球花的初花期、末花期以及雌球花的盛花期和末花期差异均不显著。不同的年份,雌、雄球花花期的早晚差异很大,2012年最早初花期较2013年最早初花期早25 d。结论]桂阳马尾松二代种子园35个无性系总体雌、雄球花花期具有较好的同步性;从开花物候方面考虑,该种子园建园材料选择较合理,对种子园种子产量和遗传品质没有影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 马尾松 二代种子园 无性系 开花物候 雌球花 雄球花 初花期 盛花期 末花期 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016/1/25 0:00:00 |
The Analysis of Flowering Phenology of Clones in Guiyang Pinus massoniana Second-generation Seed Orchard |
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| TANG Xiao-rong,LI Yu-ke,XIA He-xin,ZENG Ling-wen,WU Xin-yun,ZHANG Yi,WANG Xiao-feng,TANG Li and ZHOU Guo-jin.The Analysis of Flowering Phenology of Clones in Guiyang Pinus massoniana Second-generation Seed Orchard[J].Forest Research,2016,29(3):436-441. |
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| Authors: | TANG Xiao-rong LI Yu-ke XIA He-xin ZENG Ling-wen WU Xin-yun ZHANG Yi WANG Xiao-feng TANG Li and ZHOU Guo-jin |
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| Institution: | Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China;Beijing Mantianxia Culture Co. Ltd, Beijing 100029, China;Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China;Yunma State-owned Forest Farm of Chengbu Miao Autonomous County, Chengbu 422500, Hunan, China;Forestry Bureau of Guiyang County, Guiyang 424400, Hunan, China;Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China;Jurong Forestry Science and Technology Promotion Center, Jurong 212400, Jiangsu, China;Forestry Bureau of Guiyang County, Guiyang 424400, Hunan, China;Yunma State-owned Forest Farm of Chengbu Miao Autonomous County, Chengbu 422500, Hunan, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective] When selecting the materials of establishing timber forest advanced-generation seed orchard, The initial focus was on timber''s fast-growth, rather than the flowering phenology of superior tree. During the establishment of the advanced-generation orchard, the clone arrangements are usually based on the flowering phenology genetic factors of its provenance in a large scale. Even clones of same provenance on a small scale, the flowering phenology can not be absolutely synchronized, rather than that in large-scale. Therefore, understanding the flowering phenology of clonal seed orchard can provide some evidences for intensive cultivation, yield prediction, seed genetic quality regulation of the seed orchard.Methods] Ten clones of Pinus massoniana were randomly selected from Region I and twenty five clones randomly from Region V with different type in Guiyang Pinus Massoniana Second-Generation Seed Orchard from 2012 to 2013, then observed their flowering phenology.Result] The results showed that there were differences in commencement and ending dates and durations among different clones of female and male flowering phase, but a certain synchronicity in whole flowering phase between female and male of 35 clones, and also in sync roughly in their initial flowering stage, and total synchronization occurred in their full-bloom stage and last flowering stage. The difference in flowering phase among individuals was larger than that among clones. While the individuals who had an earlier male flowering period appeared to have also an earlier female flowering period. There were certain synchronicity between male and female from the same strain of parents in generation orchard. In addition to a weak negative correlation between the late flowering stage of female cones and the initial flowering stage of male cones, there were highly significant or significantly positive correlations between male and female of their initial flowering stage and full-bloom stage and last flowering stage. The extent of correlations decreased in sequence of the correlation between initial flowering stage and full-bloom stage, the correlation between full-bloom stage and lasting flowering stage, and the correlation between initial flowering stage and lasting flowering stage. The correlative coefficient of initial flowering stage of female and initial flowering stage of male was the greatest. Slope positions showed significant affect on the flowering period of the mother tree. Among the entire individual grows in different slope positions, there were obvious differences between the flowering value of male and female. The differences listed in order of small to large are:upper slope, middle slope, and down slope. The effects of slope positions on flowering period in a sequence from high to low degree were initial flowering stage of female, initial flowering stage of male, full-bloom stage of female, full-bloom stage of male, lasting flowering stage of both male and female. The flowering period of clones came from farther north origin was comparatively earlier. Among different type of clones there were significant differences in male full-boom stage and female initial flowering stage, but no significant difference was found in male initial flowering stage and lasting flowering stage, as well as female full-bloom stage and lasting flowering stage. Both in female and male flowering period, there were large differences yearly. The earliest flowering period in 2012 was 25 days in advance of that in 2013.Conclusions] There were fairly good synchronicity in the whole flowering phase between female and male of 35 clones in Guiyang Pinus Massoniana Second-Generation Seed Orchard. Concerning the field of flowering phenology, it was quite reasonable in selecting the materials of establishing the generation orchard, and had no affect on yield prediction, seed genetic quality. |
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| Keywords: | Pinus massoniana second-generation seed orchard clone flowering phenology female cone male cone initial flowering stage full-bloom stage last flowering stage |
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