| 土壤丛枝菌根真菌与宁夏主要草原类型植被群落分布间的相互关系研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 王占军,马琨,崔慧珍,李光文,俞鸿千,蒋齐.土壤丛枝菌根真菌与宁夏主要草原类型植被群落分布间的相互关系研究[J].草业学报,2020,29(12):150-160. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王占军 马琨 崔慧珍 李光文 俞鸿千 蒋齐 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.宁夏农林科学院荒漠化治理研究所，宁夏 银川 750001;2.宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地，宁夏 银川 750021;3.宁夏大学农学院，宁夏 银川 750021 |
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| 基金项目： | 宁夏一二三产业融合发展创新示范项目(YES-16-10);宁夏农林科学院科技平台建设提升项目(NKYP-19-06) |
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| 摘 要： | 为揭示宁夏不同草原类型土壤丛枝菌根（AM）真菌分布特征及其差异机制，以长期围封的荒漠草原（白草+甘草、短花针茅+牛枝子+猪毛蒿、黑沙蒿、短花针茅）和干草原（长芒草+赖草+甘肃蒿）植被群落为研究对象，利用脂肪酸指纹图谱和Illumina高通量测序的方法，研究了土壤AM真菌多样性、组成与草地植被群落特征、土壤环境因子间的相互关系。结果表明：干草原样地以16：1ω5c中性脂表征的土壤AM真菌生物量与荒漠草原4种植被群落样地间均有极显著差异（P<0.01）。长芒草+赖草+甘肃蒿群落草地土壤AM真菌的香农-维纳指数、辛普森指数、Chao1丰富度指数、Pielou均匀度指数均显著高于荒漠草原4种植被群落样地（P<0.05）。荒漠草原、干草原的5种植被群落下土壤AM真菌分属1门、3纲、4目、7科、8属、50种，球囊霉属（Glomus）、类球囊霉属（Paraglomus）是优势属。不同AM真菌分类水平下，干草原与荒漠草原土壤有11类AM真菌的相对丰度有显著性差异。非度量多维尺度（NMDS）分析表明，干草原与荒漠草原土壤AM真菌群落空间分布距离较远，AM真菌群落间相似性较低（Stress=0.17，P=0.001）。Pearson相关分析显示，AM真菌群落香农-维纳多样性指数、Chao1丰富度指数与对应草地植被群落香农-维纳指数、群落物种数、总生物量、群落重要值呈显著或极显著正相关（P<0.05或P<0.01）。AM真菌的幼套球囊霉属（Claroideoglomus）、类球囊霉属相对丰度与土壤全氮、全磷、碱解氮、有机质、速效钾含量呈显著或极显著正相关。降水量、海拔导致对应植被群落土壤理化性质、植被群落特征差异是驱动荒漠草原和干草原土壤AM真菌多样性及优势属相对丰度显著变化的主要因素。
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| 关 键 词： | 荒漠草原 干草原 AM真菌 群落结构 植被 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-04-21 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-06-01 |
Correlations between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and distribution of main grassland types in Ningxia |
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| Zhan-jun WANG,Kun MA,Hui-zhen CUI,Guang-wen LI,Hong-qian YU,Qi JIANG.Correlations between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and distribution of main grassland types in Ningxia[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2020,29(12):150-160. |
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| Authors: | Zhan-jun WANG Kun MA Hui-zhen CUI Guang-wen LI Hong-qian YU Qi JIANG |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Desertification Control，Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences，Yinchuan 750001，China;2.Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration，in Northwest of China，Ningxia University，Yinchuan 750021，China;3.Agricultural College，Ningxia University，Yinchuan 750021，China |
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| Abstract: | The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution and types of soil arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi in different grassland types in Ningxia. We selected areas with five vegetation types on the desert steppe （Pennisetum centrasiaticum+Glycyrrhiza uralensis， Stipa breviflora+Lespedeza potaninii+Artemisia scoparia， Artemisia arenaria， and S. breviflora） and dry steppe （Stipa bungeana+Leymus secalinus+Artemisia gansuensis）. These areas have been fenced since 2003. The soil AM fungi were analyzed by fatty acid fingerprinting and subjected to high-throughput sequencing using the Illumina platform. The correlations between soil AM fungal diversity and community composition， characteristics of grassland vegetation community， and soil environmental factors were determined. The results showed that there were significant differences in the soil AM fungal biomass characterized by neutral lipid fatty acids （16：1ω5c） in the steppe grassland soil of S. bungeana+L. secalinus+A. gansuensis， compared with the desert steppe soils of P. centrasiaticum+G. uralensis， S. breviflora+L. potaninii+A. scoparia， A. arenaria， and S. breviflora （P<0.01）. The values of the Shannon-Wiener index， Simpson’s index， Chao1 index， and Pielou index were higher for AM fungi in soil of S. bungeana+L. secalinus+A. gansuensis on the dry steppe than for soil AM fungi in soil from vegetation types on desert steppe （P<0.05）. We identified one phylum， three classes， four orders， seven families， eight genera， and 50 species of AM fungi. Glomus and Paraglomus were the dominant genera of AM fungi. Under the different classification levels， there were significant differences in the relative abundance of 11 kinds of AM fungi between the dry steppe and desert steppe soils. The results of nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis showed that the spatial distribution of the soil AM fungal communities differed between the dry steppe and the desert steppe， and the AM fungal communities on the dry steppe were more diverse than those on the desert steppe. The AM fungal Shannon-Wiener index and Chao1 index were significantly positively correlated with the vegetation Shannon-Wiener index， species， total biomass， and the vegetation importance value， as determined by Pearson’s correlation analyses. The relative abundance of Claroideoglomus and Paraglomus was positively and significantly correlated with the contents of soil total nitrogen， total phosphorus， available nitrogen， organic matter， and available potassium. Our results indicate that differences in soil physical and chemical properties and the characteristics of vegetation types caused by rainfall distribution and elevation are the main factors affecting the diversity of soil AM fungi and the relative abundance of dominant soil AM genera in different grassland types. |
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| Keywords: | desert steppe dry steppe AM fungi community structure vegetation |
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