| 吉尔吉斯斯坦比什凯克市不同生境中小型土壤动物群落多样性 |
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| 引用本文： | 吾玛尔.阿布力孜,胡红英,马合木提.哈力克等.吉尔吉斯斯坦比什凯克市不同生境中小型土壤动物群落多样性[J].安徽农业科学,2014(6):1716-1721. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吾玛尔.阿布力孜 胡红英 马合木提.哈力克等 |
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| 作者单位： | 新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家国际科技合作项目（2010DFA92720-11）;国家自然科学基金项目（40961018,41361052）. |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]研究城市生态系统不同土地利用类型下中小型土壤动物群落多样性特征,为开展城市土壤环境质量的生物学评价提供科学依据。方法]采用改良的Tullgren分离法对吉尔吉斯斯坦比什凯克市市区人工林、灌木林、草地3种生境下中小型土壤动物群落多样性特征及其与环境要素的关系进行比较。结果]获得中小型土壤动物个体共5 775只,隶属4门11纲29种类群,其中甲螨亚目(44.73%)和中气门亚目(20.42%)为优势类群,占总个体数量的65.14%。垫刃目(7.79%)、弹尾目(7.06%)、前气门亚目(7.06%)、蛭态目(2.55%)、膜翅目(1.25%)、原尾目(1.04%)、无气门亚目(1.14%)7类为常见类群,占总个体数量的27.89%,优势类群和常见类群共占总个体数的93.03%,并组成该市区中小型土壤动物的主体。另外,双翅目幼虫、鞘翅目幼虫、鳞翅目幼虫、蜘蛛目、等翅目等20类为稀有类群,占总个体数的6.97%。不同生境下中小型土壤动物群落多样性指标间存在显著差异(P0.05),而个体数间差异极显著(P0.01),其中个体数水平分布表现为人工林草地灌木林,类群数依次为灌木林人工林草地。在垂直分布上具有明显的表聚性特征,即0~5 cm5~10 cm10~15 cm15~20 cm。结论]不同生境的中小型土壤动物群落的组成和多样性指标之间存在差异,这与植被类型、人为干扰程度、土壤环境因素等有关。
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| 关 键 词： | 吉尔吉斯斯坦 比什凯克市 生境 中小型土壤动物 群落多样性 |
Community Diversity of Soil Meso and Micro-fauna at Different Habitats in Bishkek from Kyrgyzstan |
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| Institution: | ABLIZ Omar( 1.College of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046;) |
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| Abstract: | Objective] In order to provide scientific basis for the biological evaluation of soil environment quality of urban ecosystem,an investigation was conducted on the community diversity of soil meso and micro-fauna in different habitat types in Bishkek city,Kyrgyzstan.Method] The investigation was conducted by used the modified Tullgren method to study on the characteristics of the community diversity of soil meso and micro-fauna in the artificial forest,shrubbery,and constructed grassland in Bishkek City,Kyrgyzstan in August in 2013.Result] A total of 5 775 individuals of soil meso and micro-fauna were collected,belonging to 4 phyla,11 classes,and 29 groups,respectively.Among which the Oribatida （44.73％）,Mesostigmata （20.42％） were the dominant groups,and they were accounted for 65.14％ of the total samples; Tylenchida（7.79％）,Collembola（7.06％ ％）,Bdelloidea（2.55％）,Prostigmata（7.06％）,Hymenoptera（1.25％）,Protura （1.04％） and Astigmata（1.14％） were common groups,and they were accounted for 27.89％ of the total collections,and the other 20 groups were belonged to the rare groups and they were only accounted for 6.97％ of the total individuals.The results also indicated that there were significant differences among the different habitats both of the individuals and group numbers of soil meso and micro-fauna （P ＜ 0.05）,the sequences of horizontal spatial distribution of the individuals of soil meso and micro-fauna were artificial forest ＞ shrubbery ＞ grassland ; the sequences of group number of soil meso and micro-fauna were shrubbery ＞ artificial forest ＞ grassland ; The vertical distribution both of the individuals and group numbers were mainly lived in the layer of 0-5 cm in the soil profile,and decreased obviously with increasing soil depth,0-5 cm ＞ 5-10 cm ＞ 10 ～ 15cm ＞ 15-20 cm.The order of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index was artificial forest ＞ shrubbery ＞ grassland ; The Simpson index was shrubbery ＞ grassland ＞ artificial forest.Conclusion] The community structure and diversity indices of soil meso and micro-fauna in different habitats in the Bishkek City were correlated to the vegetation type,the degrees of human interferences and the properties of soil environment. |
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| Keywords: | Kyrgyzstan Bishkek City Habitat Meso and micro-fauna Community diversity |
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