| 三移栽臂水稻钵苗移栽机构设计与试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴国环,俞高红,项筱洁,王林伟.三移栽臂水稻钵苗移栽机构设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(15):15-22. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴国环 俞高红 项筱洁 王林伟 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 温州职业技术学院机械工程系,温州 325035;浙江理工大学机械与自动控制学院,杭州 310018;2. 浙江理工大学机械与自动控制学院,杭州 310018;浙江省种植装备技术重点实验室,杭州 310018;3. 温州职业技术学院机械工程系,温州,325035 |
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| 基金项目： | 浙江省教育厅一般项目（Y201636516）和国家自然科学基金项目（51575495） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了实现水稻钵苗的高效、稳定的移栽,在分析现有水稻钵苗移栽机构的研究现状基础上,该文设计了一种应用于水稻钵苗自动移栽机的三移栽臂非圆齿轮行星系水稻钵苗移栽机构。构建了一种非圆齿轮节曲线方程,建立了非圆-不完全非圆齿轮机构的运动学理论模型。开发了该水稻钵苗移栽机构的计算机辅助分析与优化软件,通过人机交互的方式得到一组较优的满足水稻钵苗移栽机构工作要求的参数,然后进行虚拟仿真及物理样机试验,通过对比分析虚拟仿真得到的工作轨迹与物理样机试验得到的工作轨迹基本一致;理论计算得到的角度差为45.18°,实际测量得到的角度差为45.77°,误差为1.31%,在误差范围以内,验证了该移栽机构设计的正确性。该机构的提出解决了秧苗倒伏、低移栽成功率的问题,提高了移栽效率。
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| 关 键 词： | 机械化 设计 优化 移栽机 水稻钵苗移栽 试验 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/2/16 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/6/1 0:00:00 |
Design and test of rice potted-seedling transplanting mechanism with three transplanting arms |
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| Wu Guohuan,Yu Gaohong,Xiang Xiaojie and Wang Linwei.Design and test of rice potted-seedling transplanting mechanism with three transplanting arms[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2017,33(15):15-22. |
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| Authors: | Wu Guohuan Yu Gaohong Xiang Xiaojie and Wang Linwei |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wenzhou Vocational & Technical College, Wenzhou 325035, China; 2. College of Machinery and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China;,2. College of Machinery and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; 3. Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Transplanting Equipment and Technology, Hangzhou 310018, China;,1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wenzhou Vocational & Technical College, Wenzhou 325035, China; and 2. College of Machinery and Automation, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; 3. Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Transplanting Equipment and Technology, Hangzhou 310018, China; |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Rice potted-seedlings transplanting is one kind of rice planting way, and it can increase the production and improve rice quality because it has the advantages of not hurting root and not needing recovering period. The rice pot seedling transplanting will have a good prospect in the future, but at present the application of rice pot seedling transplanting machine is less in China because there are defects for domestic transplanter with tossing transplanting such as uncontrollable seedling perpendicularity, complex structure, low efficiency and heavy vibration. Foreign rice potted-seedling planting technology is not suitable in China for complicated structure and high cost, and the key to improve the mechanization of rice planting is to research the rice potted-seedling transplanting mechanism suitable to China. Aiming to the above problems, a three-transplanting-arm rice potted-seedling transplanting mechanism of planetary gear train with non-circular gears and incomplete non-circular gear, which is applied in automatic rice potted-seedling transplanter, was designed. The mechanism consists of an incomplete non-circular gear, 3 pairs of conjugate non-circular gears and 3 planting arms, which can transplant seedlings 3 times a week. It means that under the same transplanting efficiency, it can reduce the transplanting spindle rotation, so as to reduce the vibration and improve the success rate of transplanting. Firstly, the shortcomings of the rotary transplanting mechanism with 2 transplanters were analyzed, and the design requirements were put forward. According to the requirements, the implementation plan was advanced. Then, the operation principle of rice potted-seedling transplanting mechanism was introduced, the mathematical expression in parametric form for the trajectory and the equations of non-circular gears and incomplete non-circular gears were derived, and the kinematic model of transplanting mechanism was established. A computer-aided analysis and optimization software of this kind of rice potted-seedling transplanting mechanism was developed with the Visual Basic 6.0. With the method of human-computer interaction based on visualization, the optimization design of the transplanting mechanism was carried out. Using this software, by tuning the design parameters, the influence of every parameter on the optimization object could be found out. The curve of non-circular gears was optimized and the structural parameters were obtained, which can satisfy the requirements of trajectory and attitude in the transplanting process for rice potted-seedling. The 3D (three-dimensional) model of transplanting mechanism was built and assembled in UG''s entity modeling module. The virtual prototype was imported into Adams software after the interference checking of 3D model assembly was finished. According to the comparison between the virtual prototype simulation and the theoretical analysis of VB (Visual Basic), the trajectory of them was fundamentally consistent, so the correctness of the model of VB was verified, and the simulation results initially showed the design of mechanism was rational. In order to further verify the correctness of the design, the core components of transplanting mechanism were machined and assembled. Then, the physical prototype of the transplanting mechanism was developed to carry out the kinematics test in the test shelf. The results turned out that the static trajectory of the elastic tip of this transplanting arm and transplanting posture were basically consistent between the virtual prototype simulation and the physical prototype test, which proved the rationality and effectiveness of the parameters of transplanting mechanism. And the feasibility of this transplanting mechanism was verified. At the same time, the mechanism proposed solved the problem of seedling lodging and low transplanting success rate, and the efficiency of transplanting was improved. The research can provide a theoretical basis for developing transplanting mechanisms of rice potted-seedling. |
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| Keywords: | mechanization design optimization transplanters rice potted-seedling transplanting test |
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