Heterotic effects of wheat-rye chromosomal translocations on agronomic traits of hybrid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under an adequate moisture regime |
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| Authors: | JO Owuoche RG Sears GL Brown-Guedira BS Gill AK Fritz |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Agronomy, Throckmorton Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, U.S.A;(2) Present address: AgriPro Wheat Company, 6515 Ascher Road, Junction City, KS, 66441, U.S.A;(3) USDA-ARS, Department of Agronomy, Throckmorton Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506;(4) Department of Plant Pathology, Throckmorton Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, U.S.A |
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| Abstract: | Translocated chromosomes T1BL⋅1RS and T1AL⋅1RS have been widely used in many wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding programs to develop high yielding cultivars. The objective of this study was to evaluate the heterotic effects
of T1BL⋅1RS + T1AL⋅1RS, T1BL⋅1RS, and T1AL⋅1RS on yield and yield components of hybrid wheat grown under adequate moisture
regimes. Thirteen hybrid wheats and seven parents with different chromosome constitutions relative to T1AL⋅1RS and T1BL⋅1RS
were evaluated in a randomized complete block design. Variable performance was observed among the hybrids tested. Two of the
three hybrids with T1BL⋅1RS + T1AL⋅1RS, produced 25.26% and 44.64% more grain than the hybrids with only T1BL⋅1RS. This was
due to increased biomass, harvest index (HI) and spike density. However, the combination of these two translocations resulted
in reduced kernels/spike, spikelets/spike and spike length compared to the T1BL⋅1R Stranslocation alone. When comparing closely
related parents, the parent with T1AL⋅1RS produced 23.51% more grain yield than the non-translocated parent. The presence
of T1AL⋅1RS resulted in 10.37% heterotic advantage for yield due to increased biomass, KW, and spike density. When the two
wheat-rye translocated chromosomes are present in the same hybrid, T1AL⋅1RS seems to have a positive effect on yield through
spike density and HI, but masks the effects of T1BL⋅1RS for some agronomic traits.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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| Keywords: | heterosis Secale cereale Triticum aestivum wheat-rye translocation |
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