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| 小兴安岭山地沼泽湿地退化生态系统恢复技术研究 | |
| 引用本文： | 张阳武,赵天力,蔡体久,马燕娥.小兴安岭山地沼泽湿地退化生态系统恢复技术研究[J].林业资源管理,2009(5). |
| 作者姓名： | 张阳武 赵天力 蔡体久 马燕娥 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 东北林业大学,林学院,哈尔滨,150040;国家林业局调查规划设计院,北京,100714 2. 东北林业大学,林学院,哈尔滨,150040;沈阳建筑大学,沈阳,110168 3. 东北林业大学,林学院,哈尔滨,150040 4. 国家林业局调查规划设计院,北京,100714 |
| 基金项目： | 黑龙江省科技攻关项目 |
| 摘 要： | 对不同干扰程度的山地沼泽湿地进行植被恢复与建设。研究表明:1)火烧和放牧中轻度干扰的灌丛沼泽和草本沼泽,采取封禁措施进行植被恢复效果很好,草本群落需要2 a的自然恢复就可以基本恢复到干扰前的状态,灌丛群落则需要较长的恢复时间。2)采矿强度干扰形成的退化湿地,应采取人工辅助方式进行植被建设。在选择的5种植物中,俄罗斯大果沙棘长势最好,保存率为100%,小叶锦鸡儿的保存率为88.23%,萱草的保存率为62.15%,紫穗槐和苜蓿全部死亡;在人工种植模式中,俄罗斯大果沙棘与小叶锦鸡儿行间配置模式效果最佳,俄罗斯大果沙棘与萱草行间配置模式、小叶锦鸡儿与萱草的配置模式效果较好。 |
| 关 键 词： | 小兴安岭 山地沼泽 恢复技术 配置模式 |
Restoration Technique of the Degraded Ecosystem of Swamp in Xiaoxing'an Mountains |
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| Abstract: | Based on the research of vegetation restoration and construction for swamps of different degree of interference,the results showed that the effects of natural vegetation restoration on shrub and herbaceous marshes under burning and grazing intermediate disturbance were good.According to the growth indexes,it only needed 2 or 3 years for degraded ecosystem to recover to the un-disturbance status by the herbaceous plant restoration measures,but it took longer time with the shrub plant restoration measures.According to the comparative analysis of 5 artificial species,the preserving rate of Hippophae rhamnoides,Caragana microphylia and Hemerocallis citrine was 100%,88.23% and 62.15% respectively in their own patterns.But the preserving rate of Amorpha fruticosa and Medicago sativa were zero after years of artificial vegetation restoration.The order of different patterns of artificial species disposition model as follows: the mix disposition model of Hippophae rhamnoides and Caragana microphylia>Hippophae rhamnoides and Hemerocallis citrine>Caragana microphylia and Hemerocallis citrine.In order to use the results of these kinds of artificial species disposition models and techniques for degraded ecosystem vegetation engineering restoration,these models and techniques should be tested under different degraded ecosystem of marsh and different scenario conditions. |
| Keywords: | Xiaoxing'an Mountains mountain swamp restoration technique disposition model |
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