| 风沙环境下防风挡沙墙复变作用规律的风洞模拟 |
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| 引用本文： | 闫敏,左合君,郭跃,贾光普,乔硕,席成.风沙环境下防风挡沙墙复变作用规律的风洞模拟[J].北京林业大学学报,2021,43(5):108-117. |
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| 作者姓名： | 闫敏 左合君 郭跃 贾光普 乔硕 席成 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院, 内蒙古自治区风沙物理与防沙治沙工程重点实验室，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010011 |
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| 基金项目： | 内蒙古自治区科技重大专项（2019ZD007） |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 风沙防护是干旱环境下人类基础设施建设和维护的关键工程问题之一，为探明不透风防风阻沙措施风沙运移的变化规律，筛选特殊风沙区域防护体系构建合适设置参数。 方法 采用风洞模拟对不同风向夹角条件下防风挡沙墙的气流速度场、风沙流结构以及沙粒阻截率/输导率的变化规律进行研究。 结果 （1）迎风侧模型4倍障高处始终为气流急剧变化的拐点，且不随着指示风速的变化而变化；当指示风速小于10 m/s，背风侧弱风区或静风区的范围随着指示风速的增大而增大，大于12 m/s则呈相反规律；同一指示风速作用下，随风向夹角的增大有效防护范围逐渐增加。（2）迎风侧积沙主要集中于近地表0 ~ 10 cm，平均占总输沙量的85.31%；45°、60°、75°与 90°4 种风向夹角条件下背风侧输沙量主要集中在20 ~ 30 cm高度范围内，分别占总输沙量的71.25%、88.75%、85.25%、86.00%。（3）背风侧0 ~ 10 cm高度层沙粒截留随指示风速的增加而增加，75°夹角时最大，平均为95.64%；10 ~ 30 cm高度层沙粒输导随着指示风速的增加有增大趋势，45°夹角时最大，平均为81.09%。 结论 指示风速的变化对防风挡沙墙气流速度场变化规律影响不显著，而对背风侧弱风区或静风区的范围影响较大，75°时有效防护范围最佳；迎风侧输沙量随高度的增加逐渐减少，背风侧随高度的增大呈现出先增加后减少的变化趋势；作为防风阻沙措施风向夹角应设置为75°左右。
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| 关 键 词： | 防风挡沙墙 风速廓线 风沙流结构 复变规律 风洞模拟 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-11-09 |
Wind tunnel simulation of complex deformation law on retaining wall under aeolian sand environment |
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| Yan Min,Zuo Hejun,Guo Yue,Jia Guangpu,Qiao Shuo,Xi Cheng.Wind tunnel simulation of complex deformation law on retaining wall under aeolian sand environment[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2021,43(5):108-117. |
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| Authors: | Yan Min Zuo Hejun Guo Yue Jia Guangpu Qiao Shuo Xi Cheng |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Desert Control Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Aeolian Physics and Desertification Control Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010011, Inner Mongolia, China2.Ordos Forestry and Grassland Bureau, Ordos 017010, Inner Mongolia, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective Wind and sand protection is one of the key engineering issues in the construction and maintenance of human infrastructure in arid environment. This paper aims to find out the complex law of wind and sand migration, and to select the appropriate setting parameters of special wind and sand protection system. Method Wind tunnel simulation was used to study the variation of wind velocity field, sand flow structure and sand interception ratio/permeability under different wind direction angles. Result (1) The height of 4 times barrier on the windward side model was always the inflection point of the sharp change of the airflow, and did not change with the indicated wind speed. When the indicated wind speed was less than 10 m/s, the leeward area of weak wind or calm wind area increased with the indicated wind speed, and the opposite law was presented when the indicated wind speed was greater than 12 m/s. Under the action of the same indication wind speed, the effective protection range increased gradually with the increase of wind direction angle. (2) The windward sediment mainly concentrated at 0?10 cm near the surface, accounting for 85.31% of the total sediment transport. The leeward sediment transport under different wind direction angle measures mainly concentrated in the range of 20?30 cm height, accounting for 71.25%, 88.75%, 85.25% and 86.00% of the total sediment transport, respectively. (3) Sand interception in leeward layer at 0?10 cm height increased with the increase of indicated wind speed, and reached the maximum at the included angle of 75°, averaging 95.64%. The sand transport in the 10?30 cm height layer had an increasing trend with the increase of indicated wind speed, and the maximum was 81.09% on average when the included angle was 45°. Conclusion The variation of indicated wind speed has no significant influence on the variation law of the airflow velocity field of retaining wall, but has a greater influence on the leeward side of the weak wind area or the range of the calm wind area, and the effective protection range is the best at 75°. The sand transport on the windward side gradually decreases with the increase of height, while that on the leeward side climb up and then decline with the increase of height. The wind angle should be set at about 75° as a measure to prevent wind and sand. |
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