Response of alfalfa (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Medicago sativa</Emphasis> L.) to diurnal and nocturnal saline sprinkler irrigations. II: shoot ion content and yield relationships |
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| Authors: | R Isla R Aragüés |
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| Institution: | 1.Unidad de Suelos y Riegos (asociada al CSIC), Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA),Gobierno de Aragón.,Zaragoza,Spain |
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| Abstract: | When using saline waters, sprinkling irrigation at night is a recommended practice to reduce evaporation, salt absorption
by the wetted leaves and its negative effects on crops. We measured shoot ion concentrations (Cl−, Na+ and K+) and total dry matter (TDM) in alfalfa subject to diurnal and nocturnal saline sprinkler irrigations and established potential
relationships among them. The work was carried out along the 2004–2006 growing seasons using EC waters from 0.5 to 5.6 dS m−1. Saline sprinkling irrigations linearly increased shoot Cl− and Na+ and decreased shoot K+. Even though daytime evaporation was much higher than nigh-time, shoot ion accumulation and TDM were similar in the diurnal
and nocturnal irrigations. The salinity tolerance of alfalfa decreased in year 2006 due to increases in shoot Cl− and, particularly, shoot Na+. The lower threshold for shoot Na+ (276 meq kg−1) than for shoot Cl− (726 meq kg−1) shows that alfalfa is more sensitive to Na+ than to Cl−, and that Na+ accumulation is the preponderant cause of alfalfa yield decline after 3 years of sprinkling with saline waters. |
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