| 鲁中地区优质大棚西瓜的适宜气象指标 |
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| 引用本文： | 张爱玲,马英洁,秦涛,吴冠楠,于江,徐桂华.鲁中地区优质大棚西瓜的适宜气象指标[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(8):3536-3538. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张爱玲 马英洁 秦涛 吴冠楠 于江 徐桂华 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 山东省昌乐县气象局,山东昌乐,262400
2. 山东省潍坊市气象局,山东潍坊,262100 |
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| 摘 要： | 采用最小显著差数法(LSD)对2010～2011年鲁中地区昌乐县西瓜大棚内的气象观测资料进行分析,并于2011年1月15日～2月25日分期播种西瓜进行试验,用斐林试剂滴定法测定西瓜糖含量,用手持折光仪测定可溶性固形物含量;将气象资料分析结果与西瓜各发育期的生长情况进行对比,确定鲁中地区优质大棚西瓜的适宜气象指标。结果表明,鲁中地区优质大棚西瓜最适宜的生长温度为25～32℃。各生育期对温度的要求不同,发芽最适温度为25～30℃,幼苗期最适温度为25～30℃,开花授粉期的最适温度为22～27℃,果实发育的最适温度为25～34℃。西瓜每天光照要求8 h以上才能生长发育良好,西瓜生长期内需要总日照时数为1 000 h左右。西瓜生长发育较适宜的空气湿度为50%～60%;适宜的土壤相对湿度为65%～75%,苗期65%,伸蔓期为70%,果实膨大期则要求75%～80%。
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| 关 键 词： | 大棚西瓜 优质 气象指标 鲁中地区 |
The Proper Meteorological Indicators for High Quality Watermelon in Greenhouse in Central Shandong Province |
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| Institution: | ZHANG Ai-ling et al(Changle Meteorological Bureau in Shandong Province,Changle,Shandong 262400) |
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| Abstract: | The meteorological data in watermelon greenhouse in Changle County,Central Shandong Province during 2010-2011 were analyzed by LSD method.Different sowing periods were tested during Jan.15-Feb.25,2011.Sugar content in watermelon was determined by Fehling reagent titration method,the soluble solids content was determined by Hand-held refractometer;The analysis results of meteorological data were compared with growth situation in each development period.The proper meteorological indicators for high-quality watermelon in greenhouse in central Shandong Province were determined.The results showed that the optimum growth temperature for watermelon is 25-32 ℃,and different periods have various requirements on temperature: the optimum temperature for germination is 25-30 ℃,seedling period is 25-30 ℃,flowering pollination is 22-27 ℃,fruits development is 25-34 ℃.8 hours sunshine per day is required for watermelon development,and totally 1 000 h is required for the whole growth period of watermelon.The proper air humidity is 50%-60%,relative soil humidity is 65%-75%,seedling period 65%,tendril elongation stage 70%,fruit swollen period 75%-80%. |
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| Keywords: | Watermelon in Shandong Province High-quality Meteorological index Central Shandong Province |
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