| 生物絮凝反应器对中试循环水养殖系统中污水的处理效果 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘文畅,罗国芝,谭洪新,孙大川,刘冰,张世阳.生物絮凝反应器对中试循环水养殖系统中污水的处理效果[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(8):184-191. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘文畅 罗国芝 谭洪新 孙大川 刘冰 张世阳 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院，上海 201306; 上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心，上海 201306;2. 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院，上海 201306; 上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心，上海 201306; 水产动物遗传育种上海市协同创新中心，上海 201306;3. 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海,201306 |
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| 基金项目： | 十二五农村领域国家科技计划课题（2012BAD25B03）；浅水跑道式循环淡水养殖系统优化与效果示范（14320501900） |
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| 摘 要： | 试验设计了一种生物絮凝反应器,用作中试规模循环水养殖系统(recirculating aquaculture system,RAS)的唯一水处理装置,研究其在不同水力停留时间(hydraulic retention time,HRT,12、6、4.5、3 h)条件下的运行效果。试验结果表明,反应器可耐受最小HRT为4.5 h,当HRT降低至3 h,反应器发生不可逆的洗出现象而使试验不能继续进行。反应器絮体沉降性能一般,随着HRT的减小(12、6和4.5 h HRT),絮体体积指数(SVI-30)逐渐降低,但是始终大于150 m L/g,为丝状菌膨胀,主要的丝状细菌由TM7 genera incertae sedis逐渐演变为Haliscomenobacter和Meganema菌属,相对丰度逐渐降低。12 h HRT反应器污染物去除率最高。反应器亚硝氮(NO_2~--N)、硝氮(NO_3~--N)在4.5 h HRT出水质量浓度最低,分别为(0.02±0.01)、(1.70±0.06)mg/L;氨氮(total ammonium nitrogen,TAN)、总氮(total nitrogen,TN)、悬浮颗粒物(suspended solids,SS)出水质量浓度在12 h HRT时最低,分别为(0.48±0.05)、(4.47±1.00)、(14.20±8.14)mg/L,同时未造成有机污染。4.5 h HRT对RAS养殖区污染物的控制效果最佳,TAN、NO_2~--N、NO_3~--N、SS质量浓度分别被控制在0.76、0.10、2.95、60.00 mg/L以下。反应器在不同HRT条件下均以异养细菌为主,主要通过同化作用去除TAN,好氧反硝化细菌和厌氧反硝化细菌同时是反应器的优势菌属。反应器可获得较长的稳定运行状态和良好的水处理效果,具有用作RAS核心水处理装置的可行性,该研究可为其在RAS的进一步研究和应用提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 水产养殖 水处理 微生物 生物絮凝反应器 循环水养殖系统 水力停留时间 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/10/18 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016/2/24 0:00:00 |
Treatment efficiency of wastewater in pilot test of biofloc reactor in recirculating aquaculture systems |
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| Liu Wenchang,Luo Guozhi,Tan Hongxin,Sun Dachuan,Liu Bing and Zhang Shiyang.Treatment efficiency of wastewater in pilot test of biofloc reactor in recirculating aquaculture systems[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2016,32(8):184-191. |
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| Authors: | Liu Wenchang Luo Guozhi Tan Hongxin Sun Dachuan Liu Bing and Zhang Shiyang |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; 2. Shanghai Aquacultural Engeering Research Center, Shanghai 201306, China;,1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; 2. Shanghai Aquacultural Engeering Research Center, Shanghai 201306, China; 3. Shanghai Collaborative Innovation For Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai 201306, China;,1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; 2. Shanghai Aquacultural Engeering Research Center, Shanghai 201306, China; 3. Shanghai Collaborative Innovation For Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai 201306, China;,1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; 2. Shanghai Aquacultural Engeering Research Center, Shanghai 201306, China; 3. Shanghai Collaborative Innovation For Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai 201306, China;,1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; and 1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Taking into account the characteristics of aquaculture, researchers have proposed the biofloc technology (BFT), and created the conditions in the BFT reactor for the treatment of pollutants. BFT reactor could treat the aquaculture wastewater and the effluents of recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). Total ammonium nitrogen (TAN and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) could be synchronously removed by BFT, and bioflocs could be used as raw materials for aquatic feed. If the BFT reactor was used as the key unit of RAS water treatment, it had the potential to synchronously remove suspended solids (SS), TAN and NO3--N, save water, improve the utilization efficiency of nutrients, and reduce the fixed investment of RAS. A kind of biofloc reactor was designed and applied as the only water treatment device in a pilot-scale RAS, and the operation efficiency was investigated under different hydraulic retention time (HRT), which was 12, 6, 4.5 and 3 h. It indicated that the HRT of biofloc reactor could be as small as 4.5 h. An irreversible phenomenon of irreversible washing out was observed during the 3 h HRT and the experiment could not be continuously conducted. The settling property of bioflocs in reaction zone was generally satisfactory. The sludge volume index (SVI-30) of biofloc significantly decreased with the declined HRT (12, 6 and 4.5 h), which was always higher than 150 mg/L throughout the experiment. The filamentous sludge bulking occurred, the dominant filamentous bacteria (TM7 genera incertae sedis) turned into Haliscomenobacter and Meganema with the declined HRT, and the relative abundance decreased. The waste removal rates were the best when the HRT was 12 h. The lowest concentrations of nitrite nitrogen (NO2--N) and NO3--N were observed under 4.5 h HRT, which were (0.02±0.01) and (1.70±0.06) mg/L, respectively, and for TAN, total nitrogen (TN) and SS in biofloc reactor effluent, the lowest concentrations were observed under 12 h HRT, which were (0.48±0.05), (4.47±1.00) and (14.20±8.26) mg/L, respectively. Besides, it did not cause organic pollution. When HRT was 4.5 h, the reactor could make the concentration of TAN, NO2--N, NO3--N and SS on aquaculture zone lower than 0.76, 0.10, 2.95 and 60.00 mg/L, respectively. Under different HRT conditions, the reactor was dominated by heterotrophic bacteria. The treatment of TAN was mainly through assimilation, and aerobic denitrification bacteria and anaerobic denitrification bacteria were the dominant bacteria in the reactor at the same time. The reactor can obtain a relatively long stable running state and good water treatment efficiency, which can be used as a kind of key water treatment device in RAS. This result can provide a reference for the further research and application of biofloc reactor in RAS. |
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| Keywords: | aquaculture water treatment microorganisms biofloc reactor recirculating aquaculture system hydraulic retention time |
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