| ‘晚大新高梨’树体及果实生长发育特性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 袁德义,赵思东,谭晓风,张琳,段经华.‘晚大新高梨’树体及果实生长发育特性研究[J].河北农业大学学报,2006,29(6):33-38. |
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| 作者姓名： | 袁德义 赵思东 谭晓风 张琳 段经华 |
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| 作者单位： | 中南林业科技大学经济林育种与栽培国家林业局重点实验室,湖南,长沙,410004 |
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| 基金项目： | 湖南省重点课题“名优砂梨引种筛选及优质无公害栽培技术研究”，国家科技基础条件平台工作项目(2004DKA30400)的部分内容 |
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| 摘 要： | 为深入系统研究‘晚大新高梨’树体及果实生长发育特性,对其幼龄期树干、枝梢生长进行了田间观测,并对生长结果期果台叶、果实及其内含营养成分动态变化进行了测定分析。结果表明:‘晚大新高梨’幼龄期树体生长快,枝条生长势强,幼树干周膨大率前期高后期低,前期达142%,后期降为120%左右;生长结果期1年生长枝生长快、发育好,花芽率平均高达63.15%,结实能力与2、3年枝基本相同。果台叶在盛花后30~150 d,SPAD值逐渐增大,变化范围在39.6~48.8;叶中P、K、Mg含量逐渐降低,Ca含量逐渐升高,变幅分别为0.058%~0.124%、1.07%~1.48%、0.250%~0.332%、1.10%~2.37%,N含量相对稳定,在2.08%~2.85%。果实在年生长发育过程中,纵、横径生长动态曲线为“W”型,呈“快-慢-快”的趋势;水分日相对变化率与生长动态曲线相似,果实生长快时,水分相对变化率也高;果实中无机成分含量(鲜重)在幼果期即盛花后45d前变化快,其中K变化最大,幼果期含量高达1.092 g/100 g,成熟时降为1.035 g/100 g;果实中总糖变化呈逐渐积累趋势,在成熟采摘时达最高值10.15 g/100 g;有机酸含量呈“降-升-降”变化,成熟时含量最低。果实最佳采收期在盛花后150~160 d。
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| 关 键 词： | 砂梨 晚大新高梨 生长发育 营养成分 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-1573（2006）06-0033-06 |
| 收稿时间： | 2006-05-09 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-05-09 |
Studies on growth and development characteristics of Banndainiitaka pear |
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| YUAN De-yi,TAN Xiao-feng,ZHANG Lin,ZHAO Si-dong,DUAN Jing-hua.Studies on growth and development characteristics of Banndainiitaka pear[J].Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei,2006,29(6):33-38. |
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| Authors: | YUAN De-yi TAN Xiao-feng ZHANG Lin ZHAO Si-dong DUAN Jing-hua |
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| Abstract: | To further investigate the growth and development characteristics of Banndainiitaka pear,we performed field survey on its stem and branches in young-age period and measured the growth and nutrient elements of leaves and fruits.The results indicated that Banndainiitaka pear tree grew fast in young-age period with vigorous growth of branch;For trunk girth growth percentage of young tree,the value in early stage(142%) was higher than that in later stage(120%);The one-year branch grew well with good development and high percentage of flower buds(63.15% on average),and its capacity of fruiting was similar to the two or three-year branch.In 30 to 150 days after blossom stage,SPAD increased gradually and ranged from 39.6 to 48.8;the contents of P,K and Mg in leaves decreased gradually,whereas that of Ca increased,and they ranged from 0.058% to 0.124%,1.07% to 1.48%,0.250% to 0.332%,and 1.10% to 2.37%,respectively.In contrast,the content of N remained stable,ranged from 2.08% to 2.85%.The fruit growth curves of Banndainiitaka pear showed an "M" shape and a trend of "quick-slow-quick";the increase of water contents in fruit was similar to the change of fruit growth,that is,fruit grew faster the content of water was higher;inorganic matters varied fast in the period of youth fruit,and the content of K showed a highest change from the period of youth fruit(1.092 g/100g) to fruit ripening time(1.035 g/100g);the sugar content of fruit exhibited a tendency to accumulate progressively,and the highest content was 9.83 g/100 g FW in mature fruit;the content of organic acid displayed a trend of "decline-rise-decline",and declined to the lowest level in fruit ripening time.Furthermore,fruits should be harvested within 150 to 160 days after blossom stage. |
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| Keywords: | sand pear(Pyrus pyrifolia) Banndainiitaka pear growth and development nutrient elements |
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