| 中性盐胁迫和碱性盐胁迫对制干辣椒(Capsicum annuum)种子萌发的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张海英,吉雪花,李慧姬,张中荣,朱冉冉.中性盐胁迫和碱性盐胁迫对制干辣椒(Capsicum annuum)种子萌发的影响[J].分子植物育种,2020(2):544-552. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张海英 吉雪花 李慧姬 张中荣 朱冉冉 |
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| 作者单位： | 石河子大学农学院特色果蔬生理与种质资源利用兵团重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然基金项目(31860548);石河子大学育种专项(KX0301)共同资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 新疆由于南北部地理气候差异导致土壤盐分种类、组成存在显著差异。北疆土壤盐分以氯化钠等中性盐为主,南疆土壤含有碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠等碱性盐,具有较高的pH。为了明确南北疆土壤盐分组成对辣椒生长发育的影响,本研究以制干辣椒‘红龙23号’为材料,研究了不同浓度中性盐(NaCl)、碱性盐(Na2CO3:NaHCO3=1:9)对其种子萌发的影响,探究中性盐与碱性盐对辣椒生长的影响。结果表明:40 mmol/L的中性盐处理可提高辣椒种子发芽率,中高浓度的中性盐和所有碱性盐处理对辣椒种子发芽率均有抑制作用,且盐浓度越高对发芽率的抑制作用越强;相同浓度下,碱性盐对发芽率的抑制作用更强。低浓度的中性盐、碱性盐对辣椒种子发芽势均有促进作用,且随着盐浓度的升高,发芽势逐渐受到抑制;相同浓度下,碱性盐胁迫的发芽势比中性盐低。中性盐、碱性盐对芽苗生长影响不同:相同浓度下,碱性盐胁迫的辣椒芽苗的胚轴、胚根都较短;芽苗超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)活性随盐浓度升高呈下降趋势;过氧化物酶(peroxidase, POD)活性呈现不规律变化。隶属函数分析表明,POD、SOD、CAT三种酶活性与辣椒抗盐性关系最紧密,尤其对于碱性盐的影响更大。试验结果表明,当中性盐浓度≥40 mmol/L,碱性盐浓度≥20 mmol/L时,辣椒种子发芽即受到抑制;盐离子浓度相同时,碱性盐的抑制效应大于中性盐。
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| 关 键 词： | 中性盐 碱性盐 制干辣椒 种子萌发 |
Effects of Neutral Salt and Alkaline Salt Stresses on Chili Peppers(Capsicum annuum) Germination |
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| Zhang Haiying,Ji Xuehua,Li Huiji,Zhang Zhongrong,Zhu Ranran.Effects of Neutral Salt and Alkaline Salt Stresses on Chili Peppers(Capsicum annuum) Germination[J].Molecular Plant Breeding,2020(2):544-552. |
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| Authors: | Zhang Haiying Ji Xuehua Li Huiji Zhang Zhongrong Zhu Ranran |
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| Institution: | (Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit and Vegetable Physiology and Germplasm Utilization College of Agriculture,Shihezi University,Shihezi,832000) |
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| Abstract: | There are significan t differences in the types and composition of soil salinity in Xinjiang due to geographical and climatic differences between the north and the south. The soil salinity in northern Xinjiang is mainly neutral salt such as sodium chloride. The soil in southern Xinjiang contains alkaline salts such as sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, which have high pH. In order to clarify the influence of soil salinity composition on the growth and development of pepper in north and south Xinjiang, the effects of different concentrations of neutral salt(NaCl) and alkaline salt(Na2 CO3:Na HCO3=1:9) on the seed germination of chili pepper ’Honglong23’were stidied, and the effects of neutral and alkaline salts on the growth of pepper were investigated. The results showed that 40 mmol/L neutral salt treatment could increase the germination rate of pepper seeds. The medium and high concentration of neutral salt and all alkaline salt treatments all inhibited the germination rate of pepper seeds, and the higher the salt concentration, the higher the germination rate. The stronger the inhibitory effect, the alkaline salt has a stronger inhibitory effect on the germination rate at the same concentration. The low concentration of neutral salt and alkaline salt promoted the germination potential of pepper seeds. With the increase of salt concentration, the germination potential was gradually inhibited. Under the same concentration, the germination potential of alkaline salt stress was lower than that of neutral salt. Neutral salt and alkaline salt had different effects on the growth of sprouts: Under the same concentration, the hypocotyls and radicles of pepper sprouts were shorter under alkaline salt stress;the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT) in shoots decreased with the increase of salt concentration;peroxidase(POD) activity showed irregular changes. The membership function analysis showed that the activities of POD, SOD and CAT were the most closely related to the salt tolerance of pepper, especially for alkaline salts. It can be seen from the experimentthat when the neutral salt concentration is ≥40 mmol/L and the alkaline salt concentration is ≥20 mmol/L, the germination of the pepper seeds is inhibited;when the salt ion concentration is the same, the inhibitory effect of the alkaline salt is greater than that of the neutral salt. |
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| Keywords: | Neutral salt Alkaline salt Chili papers Seed germination |
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