| 花期玉米(Zea mays)穗三叶叶形结构的遗传效应及配合力分析 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 赵小强,姬祥卓,彭云玲.花期玉米(Zea mays)穗三叶叶形结构的遗传效应及配合力分析[J].分子植物育种,2020(9):3024-3031. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 赵小强 姬祥卓 彭云玲 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 甘肃农业大学农学院 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0100203-4);中科院“西部之光”项目(20180504);甘肃省玉米产业技术体系(GARS-02-04);甘肃省重点研发计划(18YF1NA071);甘肃省重大科技专项(17ZD2NA016)共同资助。 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 为了剖析玉米叶形结构的遗传规律,进而拓宽优良株型自交系的遗传基础。本研究以12份不同叶形结构玉米自交系组配的32份F1杂交种为试材,在2个生态环境下,花期采用加性-显性-母体遗传模型(ADM)对其穗三叶叶长、叶宽、叶夹角、叶向值及叶面积进行遗传效应和配合力分析。结果表明:(1)玉米穗三叶叶长、叶宽及叶向值主要受基因的加性效应调控,其次是显性效应,同时还兼受加性×环境互作效应或母体×环境互作效应等遗传体系的调控,育种改良中宜在早代对其进行选择;叶夹角主要受基因的母体效应调控,其次是加性效应,另外还受加性×环境互作效应及母体×环境互作效应影响,育种中宜选择叶夹角较小的材料作为母本进行改良;叶面积只受基因的显性效应及显性×环境互作效应的调控,其应从较晚世代中进行遗传选择。(2)除父本叶长的一般配合力差异不显著外,父本其余性状的一般配合力和母本全部性状的一般配合力间差异均显著或极显著,且这5个叶形相关性状的全部特殊配合力间差异极显著。(3)从相应自交系各性状的一般配合力相对效应值分析发现,‘锋1999马’和‘锋1913硬’的综合性状表现优良,有利于组配出叶片大小适中及株型紧凑的优良耐密高产F1杂交组合。研究结果表明,玉米穗三叶5个叶形结构的遗传效应不尽相同,相应亲本5个叶形结构的一般配合和特殊配合力间存在明显差异,因此在玉米叶形结构遗传改良上应按照相应性状的遗传特征选择对应改良策略进行改良,并根据综合性状表现优良的亲本有目的地组配杂交组合,提高玉米理想株型育种效率。本研究为进一步剖析玉米叶形结构的遗传机理及玉米理想株型育种提供参考。
|
| 关 键 词： | 玉米 叶形结构 株型育种 遗传效应 配合力 |
Analysis of Combining Ability and Genetic Effect for Leaf Shape about the Three-ear-leaves at Flowering Stage in Zea mays |
| |
| Zhao Xiaoqiang,Ji Xiangzhuo,Peng Yunling.Analysis of Combining Ability and Genetic Effect for Leaf Shape about the Three-ear-leaves at Flowering Stage in Zea mays[J].Molecular Plant Breeding,2020(9):3024-3031. |
| |
| Authors: | Zhao Xiaoqiang Ji Xiangzhuo Peng Yunling |
| |
| Institution: | (Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science,College of Agronomy,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,730070) |
| |
| Abstract: | In order to explore of genetic basis for leaf shape about the three-ear-leaves in maize(Zea mays),and broaden the genetic structure of elite plant architecture inbred lines.In this study,32 F1 hybrids of 12 maize inbred lines with different leaf shape as materials,the genetic effect and combining ability of leaf length(LL),leaf width(LW),leaf angle(LA),leaf orientation value(LOV),and leaf size(LS)were analyzed by additive-dominant-maternal effect genetic model(ADM)under two environments.The results showed that:(1)LL,LW,and LOV mainly showed additive(A)effect,then dominant(D)effect,and additive-environment interaction(AE)effect or maternal×environment interaction(me)effect were weakest.Thus,the early generation should be selected for developing elite LL,LW,and LOV.The LA is mainly showed maternal(M)effect of the gene,then A effect,and AE effect and ME effect were weakest.Suggesting that smaller LA materials should be as female parent in breeding.LS only showed D effect and dominance-environment interaction(DE)effect,which should be selected from the later generations.(2)Except for general combining ability(GCA)of LL in male-parents was not significant,GCA of other traits in maleparents and special combining ability(SCA)of all traits in female-parents were(extremely)significant,and SCA of the five leaf shape related traits were extremely significant.(3)GCA analysis of corresponding traits in inbred lines showed that’Feng 1999 ma’and’Feng 1913 ying’had excellent performance,which can cross elite F1 hybrid with moderate leaf size and compact plant architecture.The study indicated that the genetic effect of five leaf shape related traits were different,the GCA and SCA of corresponding traits in parents were significant,so the best leaf shape should be improved according to the genetic characters and strategies,and corresponding hybrids were across from elite parents with excellent performance to increase the efficiency of maize ideal plant-type breeding.This study will provide a foundation for further analyzed the genetic mechanism of leaf shape and developing ideal plant-type varieties in maize. |
| |
| Keywords: | Maize(Zea mays) Leaf shape Plant-type breeding Genetic effect Combining ability |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 维普 等数据库收录！ |
|
