Solubility of purified lutein diesters obtained from Tagetes erecta in supercritical CO(2) and the effect of solvent modifiers |
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| Authors: | Naranjo-Modad S López-Munguía A Vilarem G Gaset A Bárzana E |
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| Institution: | Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, D.F., Mexico. |
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| Abstract: | Purified lutein diesters deposited on commercial nonporous glass beads were solubilized in supercritical CO(2) in a computerized batch extractor, and their solubilities were compared to their solubilities in hexane. Densities of 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9 g/mL were evaluated without modifiers. Both pressure and temperature increased solubility, although temperatures >50 degrees C promoted carotenoid loss as determined by mass balance. Solubility was enhanced by the use of modifiers and was related to their log P. Chloroform (log P = 2) increased 2.8 times the amount of solubilized lutein diesters compared to pure CO(2) at the same extraction conditions (0.9 g/mL and 40 degrees C) to yield 65% of the amount extracted with hexane. Supercritical CO(2) extraction of lutein diesters could represent a cleaner technology as compared to the current industrial use of hexane with important ecological and health-related implications. |
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