| 四杆平移式大豆小区育种排种器设计与试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 顿国强,毛宁,刘文辉,吴星澎,周成,纪文义.四杆平移式大豆小区育种排种器设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2022,53(4):70-78. |
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| 作者姓名： | 顿国强 毛宁 刘文辉 吴星澎 周成 纪文义 |
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| 作者单位： | 东北林业大学机电工程学院,哈尔滨150040,湖州师范学院信息工程学院,湖州313000,东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0201001）、中央高校基本科研业务费项目（2572017BF03）和东北林业大学横向课题项目（43221026） |
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| 摘 要： | 针对大豆小区育种清换种作业操作繁琐的问题，本文设计了四杆平移式大豆小区育种排种器。采用平行连杆机构配合可旋转的排种盘完成清换种作业，根据大豆小区育种作业要求对整机关键部件进行了设计，通过理论分析确定了大豆充种下限角度与排种盘转速的关系，以及排种器的排种盘直径、型孔尺寸、型孔数量、毛刷角度等结构参数数值。采用离散元软件进行仿真，模拟了排种器的排种过程，首先分析并验证了排种盘转速与下限角度的关系，进而在此试验基础上分析了种箱厚度对残余种子数的影响，试验结果表明：下限角度随排种盘转速增大逐渐减小，残留种子数随种箱厚度增加先减小后增大，并确定了下限角度119°、种箱厚度11 mm为排种器的优化结构参数。在最优参数下的田间试验表明：在理论粒距下排种器顺利清换种，作业结束后种箱内无种子残留，同时在作业速度3.6 km/h时粒距平均合格指数87.61%、重播指数6.63%、漏播指数5.75%,均达到优等品标准。
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| 关 键 词： | 大豆 小区育种 排种器 四杆平移式 清换种 离散元 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/3/27 0:00:00 |
Design and Experiment of Four-bar Translational Seed Metering Device for Soybean Plot Breeding |
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| DUN Guoqiang,MAO Ning,LIU Wenhui,WU Xingpeng,ZHOU Cheng,JI Wenyi.Design and Experiment of Four-bar Translational Seed Metering Device for Soybean Plot Breeding[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(4):70-78. |
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| Authors: | DUN Guoqiang MAO Ning LIU Wenhui WU Xingpeng ZHOU Cheng JI Wenyi |
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| Institution: | Northeast Forestry University;Huzhou University; Northeast Agricultural University |
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| Abstract: | Aiming at the cumbersome operation of soybean plot breeding and replacement operations, a four-bar translational soybean plot breeding and metering device was designed. The parallel link mechanism and the rotatable seeding disc were used to complete the cleaning and changing operations. The key components of the whole machine were designed according to the requirements of soybean plot breeding operations. The relationship between the lower limit angle of soybean filling and the rotation speed of the seeding disc was determined through theory, and the numerical values of the structure parameters such as the diameter of the seeding disc, the size of the hole, the number of the hole, and the angle of the brush of the seed metering device were also determined. The discrete element software was used for simulation to simulate the seed metering process of the seed metering device. Firstly, the relationship between the rotation speed of the seed metering disk and the lower limit angle was analyzed and verified, and then the influence of the thickness of the seed box on the number of residual seeds was analyzed based on this experiment. The test results showed that the lower limit angle was gradually decreased with the increase of the rotation speed of the seeding disc, and the number of residual seeds was firstly decreased and then increased with the increase of the seed box thickness. The lower limit angle of 119° and the seed box thickness of 11mm were determined as the optimization of the seed metering device structural parameters. The field test under the optimal parameters showed that the seed metering device was smoothly cleaned and replaced under the theoretical seed spacing, and there was no seed residue in the seed box after the operation. At the same time, the average qualified index of the seed spacing was 87.61% at the operating speed of 3.6km/h. The rebroadcast index was 6.63% and the missed broadcast index was 5.75%, both of which reached the standard of excellent products. |
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| Keywords: | soybeans plot breeding seed metering device four-bar translation clear and replace seeds discrete element |
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