| 滴灌调控土壤水分对马铃薯生长的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 康跃虎,王凤新,刘士平,孙红红.滴灌调控土壤水分对马铃薯生长的影响[J].农业工程学报,2004,20(2):66-72. |
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| 作者姓名： | 康跃虎 王凤新 刘士平 孙红红 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100101
2. 甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州,730070 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家杰出青年科学基金(40125002)；国家自然科学基金(40071020) |
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| 摘 要： | 研究了滴灌灌溉频率和土壤水势对马铃薯生长和水分利用效率的影响。研究结果表明，滴灌灌溉频率和土壤水势对土壤水分的分布有很大影响，灌水频率越低，灌水前的表层土壤干燥的范围越大，灌水后的土壤湿润范围越大；控制滴头下面20 cm处土壤水势明显影响到50 cm深度以上的土壤水势，20 cm深度处土壤水势越高，50 cm深度范围内的平均土壤水势越高；土壤表面土壤水势越低，以滴头为中心形成的干燥范围越大。当土壤基质势低于-45 kPa时，马铃薯的块茎膨大率会迅速下降，总产量、商品薯产量和水分利用效率高低顺序为：-25 kPa>-35 kPa>-15 kPa>-45 kPa>-55 kPa。不同灌溉频率下马铃薯的总产量、商品薯产量和水分利用效率的高低顺序为：1天1次>2天1次>3天1次>4天1次>6天1次>8天1次。就华北地区而言，采用滴灌对马铃薯进行灌溉，土壤基质势以-25 kPa左右为好，灌水频率以每天1次最优。
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| 关 键 词： | 滴灌 土壤水势 灌水频率 马铃薯生长 |
| 文章编号： | 1002-6819(2004)02-0066-07 |
| 收稿时间： | 3/6/2003 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 2003年3月6日 |
Effects of water regulation under drip irrigation on potato growth |
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| Kang Yuehu,Wang Fengxin,Liu Shiping and Sun Honghong.Effects of water regulation under drip irrigation on potato growth[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2004,20(2):66-72. |
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| Authors: | Kang Yuehu Wang Fengxin Liu Shiping and Sun Honghong |
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| Abstract: | The effects of irrigation frequency and soil matric potential on potato growth and water use efficiency(WUE) under drip irrigation in North China were studied. Results suggested that drip irrigation frequency and soil matric potential significantly influence the distribution of soil water (soil matric potential). The lower the irrigation frequency was, the larger the dry zone in the topsoil before irrigation and the larger the wetting range after irrigation were. Targeted soil matric potential at 20 cm immediately under drip emitter clearly influences soil matric potentials in soil depth from 0 to 50 cm. The higher the targeted soil matric potential was, the higher the average soil matric potential in soil depth from 0 to 50 cm was. The lower the targeted potential was, the larger the dry zone around drip emitter was. During the middle potato growing period when soil matric potential went lower than -45 kPa, potato tuber bulking rate decreased immediately. Total tuber yield and WUE were in an prior order of(-25 kPa)>(-35 kPa)>(-15 kPa)>(-45 kPa)>(-55 kPa). Total yield and WUE under different irrigation frequency treatments were in an prior order of (once every day)>(once every two days)>(once every three days)>(once every four days)>(once every six days)>(once every eight days). The experimental results showed that for favorable potato growth under drip irrigation in North China, soil matric potential should be maintained around -25 kPa and drip irrigation frequency should be once every day. |
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| Keywords: | drip irrigation soil matric potential irrigation frequency potato growth |
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